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  "title": "使徒行传与保罗书信中的地点",
  "description": "介绍使徒行传7:58–28:31及十三封保罗书信中的地名，列明来源背景、地点类型、附有限定的地理位置及旅行陈述的明确限度。",
  "method": "直接出现的地名已对照固定版World English Bible核查；另列的上下文参照是有来源支持的选例，并非详尽的地点指代普查。地名可以说明来源地、群体、拟往目的地或离岸航行，并不一定报告到访。在场陈述保留这些区别。地名录匹配及代表点须独立审查所指地点与坐标；未解决或有争议的身份认定会明确保留。坐标不能定位所报告的事件。圣经只列参照，不提供经文。",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "Pauline Letters — https://paulineletters.com",
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  "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/data/agent/commons/v1/places.json",
  "scripture": "References only. No Bible translation text is included; cite the reference and read it in a licensed or public-domain edition.",
  "itemCount": 104,
  "items": [
    {
      "id": "damascus",
      "name": "大马士革",
      "summary": "大马士革是保罗早期活动记述中的城市。使徒行传描述他抵达、宣讲和逃脱；加拉太书回顾他从阿拉伯返回；哥林多后书则描述涉及亚里达属下官员的逃脱。不同文献使用同一城名，不能确定各段顺序如何衔接。使徒行传的路上相遇发生在扫罗入城之前，城市代表点不能定位这次相遇。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:8-25",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "road-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-escape",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 11:32-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678106; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678106/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-arrival-and-escape",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-arrival"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "road-context"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说扫罗走近大马士革后进入城中，记述当地活动，随后叙述逃脱。",
          "limit": "这里报告叙事中的城市背景，既没有辨认路上相遇的确切地点，也不能把每次重复提及都当作另一次到访。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "galatians-return",
            "corinthian-escape"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书报告从阿拉伯返回大马士革；哥林多后书描述叙述者逃离一位与亚里达有关的官员。",
          "limit": "两封信各有记述，都没有完整解释其年代顺序与使徒行传的关系。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
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      "aliases": [
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      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
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        "ACT 9:3",
        "ACT 9:8",
        "ACT 9:10",
        "ACT 9:19",
        "ACT 9:22",
        "ACT 9:27",
        "ACT 22:5",
        "ACT 22:6",
        "ACT 22:10",
        "ACT 22:11",
        "ACT 22:12",
        "ACT 26:12",
        "ACT 26:20",
        "2CO 11:32",
        "GAL 1:17"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:11",
        "ACT 9:23",
        "ACT 9:24",
        "ACT 9:25",
        "2CO 11:33"
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          "id": "678106",
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          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-damascus"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q3766",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-damascus"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "damascus",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 33.511612,
        "longitude": 36.309102,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-arrival-and-escape"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-corinthians",
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-damascus"
    },
    {
      "id": "caesarea",
      "name": "海滨该撒利亚",
      "summary": "该撒利亚是使徒行传所称的海滨城市，既是旅程衔接地点，也是保罗与腓利同住，以及受罗马官员拘押、听审的背景。其他段落提到腓利、哥尼流或希律在那里，并没有报告保罗到访。此城有别于腓利比该撒利亚。城名反复出现不能证明每次都有新的到访，地图代表点也不能辨认听审室、监狱或某栋建筑。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "first-transfer",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:30",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:22",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "philip-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:8-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "custody-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 23:33-35",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "custody-duration",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 24:27",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "festus-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 25:1-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "philip-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:40",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "cornelius-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 10:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "herod-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 12:19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678401; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678401/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-travel-and-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "first-transfer",
            "later-arrival",
            "philip-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗经过该撒利亚，后来又在前往耶路撒冷之前，留在那里与腓利同住。",
          "limit": "这里指海滨城市，有别于腓利比该撒利亚。提到城名未必是在报告保罗到访。"
        },
        {
          "id": "custody-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "custody-arrival",
            "custody-duration",
            "festus-setting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把该撒利亚设为保罗受拘押，以及涉及腓力斯和非斯都的审理背景。",
          "limit": "这是叙事背景，不能辨认出土法庭、牢房或事件的确切坐标。"
        },
        {
          "id": "other-actors",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "philip-context",
            "cornelius-context",
            "herod-context"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传中其他该撒利亚记述涉及腓利、哥尼流和希律，并非保罗在场。",
          "limit": "提到其他人的所在地，不能证明保罗抵达或居住。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.caesarea",
      "aliases": [
        "Caesarea",
        "Caesarea Maritima"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:40",
        "ACT 9:30",
        "ACT 10:1",
        "ACT 10:24",
        "ACT 11:11",
        "ACT 12:19",
        "ACT 18:22",
        "ACT 21:8",
        "ACT 21:16",
        "ACT 23:23",
        "ACT 23:33",
        "ACT 25:1",
        "ACT 25:4",
        "ACT 25:6",
        "ACT 25:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 23:34",
        "ACT 23:35",
        "ACT 24:27"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678401",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-caesarea"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q319242",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-caesarea"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "caesarea",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.5018388,
        "longitude": 34.8924472,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-travel-and-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-caesarea"
    },
    {
      "id": "cyprus",
      "name": "塞浦路斯岛",
      "summary": "使徒行传的传道记述说，保罗和巴拿巴抵达塞浦路斯岛。后来，巴拿巴与保罗分开，和马可乘船前往该岛。其他段落提到与此岛有关的人，或保罗一行从旁驶过、借岛避风。这些用途不全都报告保罗到访。岛屿与岛上任何一座城市不同，其地图代表点不能确定登陆地点或古代行省边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "mission-island",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:4-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "barnabas-mark",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-sea-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "rome-sea-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "scattered-and-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:19-20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "mnason-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "707498; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/707498/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-island-mission",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "mission-island"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述保罗和巴拿巴抵达塞浦路斯岛，从撒拉米横越岛屿，往帕弗前进。",
          "limit": "本段描述横越岛屿的旅行，没有把全岛等同于撒拉米或帕弗，也没有确定单一登陆点。"
        },
        {
          "id": "different-travel-relations",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "barnabas-mark",
            "later-sea-route",
            "rome-sea-route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传分别记述巴拿巴和马可前往塞浦路斯岛，以及后来保罗一行经过该岛或借岛避风的航程。",
          "limit": "巴拿巴与马可的航程不是保罗另一次到访；后来航线描述本身也没有报告登陆。"
        },
        {
          "id": "origin-and-community-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "scattered-and-origin",
            "mnason-origin"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传也把塞浦路斯岛与分散的信徒、来自岛上的人及拿孙联系起来。",
          "limit": "这些是各段具名人物的迁移或来源关联，不能证明保罗在这些场合到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.cyprus",
      "aliases": [
        "Cyprus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:19",
        "ACT 11:20",
        "ACT 13:4",
        "ACT 15:39",
        "ACT 21:3",
        "ACT 21:16",
        "ACT 27:4"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:5",
        "ACT 13:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "707498",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-cyprus"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q644636",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-cyprus"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 34.99543568254809,
        "longitude": 33.22246680789437,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-island-mission"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cyprus"
    },
    {
      "id": "pisidian-antioch",
      "name": "彼西底的安提阿",
      "summary": "彼西底的安提阿是使徒行传以彼西底限定的城市，有别于奥龙特斯河畔的安提阿。使徒行传描述保罗和巴拿巴在那里教导、遭遇反对，后来又经过此城返回。提摩太后书回顾迫害时，把安提阿与以哥念、路司得并列。因此，同名城市须根据段落背景辨认。书信的回顾本身不能确定作者、事件日期或各次旅程如何衔接。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-mission",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:14-52",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:21-23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 3:10-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "609307; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/609307/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-mission-and-return",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-mission",
            "acts-return"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说保罗和巴拿巴来到彼西底的安提阿，后来又经过路司得、以哥念和此城返回。",
          "limit": "使徒行传13章中从别加到达的城市，有别于叙利亚的城市。单独出现的安提阿须逐段根据背景辨认。"
        },
        {
          "id": "pastoral-retrospect",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "letter-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书作者回顾在安提阿、以哥念及路司得受到的迫害。",
          "limit": "这段回顾没有提供事件日期，没有叙述另一次到访，也不能确定书信作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.pisidian-antioch",
      "aliases": [
        "Antioch",
        "Antioch of Pisidia",
        "Pisidian Antioch"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:14",
        "ACT 14:19",
        "ACT 14:21",
        "2TI 3:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:15",
        "ACT 13:44",
        "ACT 13:50",
        "ACT 13:51"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "609307",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-pisidian-antioch"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q579468",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-pisidian-antioch"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "pisidian-antioch",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 38.305374018553835,
        "longitude": 31.189869948559302,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-mission-and-return"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-pisidian-antioch"
    },
    {
      "id": "iconium",
      "name": "以哥念",
      "summary": "以哥念是使徒行传记述保罗和巴拿巴传道的一座城市。叙事描述宣讲引起不同反应，暴力威胁导致离去，后来又经过此城返回。当地信徒也在关于提摩太的报告中出现，提摩太后书则回顾这里的迫害。群体关联没有叙述保罗新的到访。地图点代表古代聚落，不界定一世纪城市的全部范围。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-mission",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:1-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:21-23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "timothy-testimony",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 3:10-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "648647; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648647/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-mission-and-return",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-mission",
            "acts-return"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "timothy-testimony"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗和巴拿巴在以哥念教导，因暴力威胁而离开，后来又经过此城返回。",
          "limit": "后来以哥念信徒为提摩太作见证，本身没有报告保罗再次到访。"
        },
        {
          "id": "pastoral-retrospect",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "letter-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书把以哥念与安提阿及路司得并列，回顾迫害。",
          "limit": "书信的回顾没有确定事件日期，没有叙述额外到访，也不能确定作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.iconium",
      "aliases": [
        "Iconium"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:51",
        "ACT 14:1",
        "ACT 14:19",
        "ACT 14:21",
        "ACT 16:2",
        "2TI 3:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:2",
        "ACT 14:3",
        "ACT 14:4",
        "ACT 14:5",
        "ACT 14:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "648647",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-iconium"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q132559332",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-iconium"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "iconium",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.87245590410413,
        "longitude": 32.49229501229744,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-mission-and-return"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-iconium"
    },
    {
      "id": "lystra",
      "name": "路司得",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗和巴拿巴在路司得活动，随后保罗遭到暴力袭击。叙事也报告他们返回，后来又把当地信徒与提摩太的声誉联系起来。提摩太后书回顾迫害时提到此城。这些记述不能确定提摩太的出生地或确切考古地点。Pleiades与Wikidata给出彼此分开的坐标，因而这些资料尚未解决确切的现代位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-mission",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:8-20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:21-23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "timothy-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 3:10-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "648699; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648699/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "wikidata-coordinates",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "wikidata",
            "work": "Wikidata entity record",
            "locator": "entities.Q535982.claims.P625",
            "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=wbgetentities&ids=Q535982&props=labels%7Cdescriptions%7Cclaims%7Cinfo&languages=en&format=json",
            "publicDomain": true,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-mission-and-assault",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-mission",
            "acts-return"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把保罗和巴拿巴的活动设在路司得，叙述保罗在那里遭石击，后来又报告经过此城返回。",
          "limit": "叙事说众人以为保罗已死，不等于说他实际死亡。城市背景不能把袭击定位于出土遗址内。"
        },
        {
          "id": "later-document-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "timothy-context",
            "letter-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把路司得的信徒与提摩太的声誉联系起来，提摩太后书则回顾当地的迫害。",
          "limit": "前一处记述不能确定提摩太的出生地；后一处不能独立确定作者、日期或新的旅程。"
        },
        {
          "id": "coordinate-evidence",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "gazetteer-point",
            "wikidata-coordinates"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "Pleiades地名录与Wikidata把路司得定位在不同的现代位置。",
          "limit": "这些记录不能确定哪一处现代位置代表古城。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.lystra",
      "aliases": [
        "Lystra"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:6",
        "ACT 14:8",
        "ACT 14:21",
        "ACT 16:1",
        "ACT 16:2",
        "2TI 3:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:9",
        "ACT 14:19",
        "ACT 14:20"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "lystra",
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-mission-and-assault"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-lystra"
    },
    {
      "id": "derbe",
      "name": "特庇",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗在路司得遇袭后，与巴拿巴来到特庇，并在那里工作；后来另一段旅程也提到这两座城市。随后的旅伴名单把该犹与特庇联系起来，却没有描述保罗另一次抵达。Wikidata给出彼此分开的两处位置，Pleiades的点则仅靠近其中一处。这些资料尚未解决确切的现代位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:20-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gaius-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "648620; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648620/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "wikidata-coordinates",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "wikidata",
            "work": "Wikidata entity record",
            "locator": "entities.Q20717624.claims.P625",
            "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=wbgetentities&ids=Q20717624&props=labels%7Cdescriptions%7Cclaims%7Cinfo&languages=en&format=json",
            "publicDomain": true,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrivals",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-arrival",
            "later-route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗和巴拿巴抵达特庇，描述当地活动，后来又把特庇和路司得置于保罗继续前行的旅程中。",
          "limit": "这些是叙事报告的抵达和活动，不是考古身份认定，也不是经独立确定日期的行程。"
        },
        {
          "id": "gaius-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "gaius-origin"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把同行群体中的一位该犹与特庇联系起来。",
          "limit": "来源地关联没有报告保罗新的抵达，也没有把这位该犹与所有同名人物认定为一人。"
        },
        {
          "id": "coordinate-evidence",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "gazetteer-point",
            "wikidata-coordinates"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "Wikidata列出特庇彼此分开的两处位置；Pleiades的点靠近其中一处。",
          "limit": "这些记录不能确定哪一处现代位置代表古城。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.derbe",
      "aliases": [
        "Derbe"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:6",
        "ACT 14:20",
        "ACT 16:1",
        "ACT 20:4"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:21"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "derbe",
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrivals"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-derbe"
    },
    {
      "id": "troas",
      "name": "特罗亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗一行从特罗亚乘船前往马其顿，后来又把他置于当地涉及犹推古的聚会中。哥林多后书回顾当地的服事及对提多的挂念；提摩太后书提到留在加布那里的物品。这座城市有别于更广的特罗阿地区。不同文献的记述本身不能确立完整的到访顺序，城市代表点也不能定位聚会房间或某个港口。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "macedonian-crossing",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:8-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-gathering",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:5-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-notice",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 2:12-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "timothy-notice",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550434; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550434/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-journey-settings",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "macedonian-crossing",
            "later-gathering"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把保罗置于渡往马其顿前的特罗亚，后来又叙述当地涉及犹推古的聚会。",
          "limit": "城市背景不能辨认确切港口、建筑或房间，这座城市也须与更广的特罗阿地区区分。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-letter-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "corinthian-notice",
            "timothy-notice"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多后书描述在特罗亚的服事及对提多的挂念；提摩太后书提到留在那里加布处的物品。",
          "limit": "各段没有提供完整的到访顺序或次数，提摩太后书的提及也不能确定其作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.troas",
      "aliases": [
        "Troas",
        "Alexandria Troas"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:8",
        "ACT 16:11",
        "ACT 20:5",
        "ACT 20:6",
        "2CO 2:12",
        "2TI 4:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:9",
        "ACT 16:10",
        "ACT 20:7",
        "ACT 20:9",
        "ACT 20:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550434",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-troas"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q1393407",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-troas"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "troas",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 39.751699149014044,
        "longitude": 26.1575573012968,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-journey-settings"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-corinthians",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-troas"
    },
    {
      "id": "berea",
      "name": "比里亚",
      "summary": "比里亚也写作Beroea，是马其顿的城市；使徒行传说保罗和西拉离开帖撒罗尼迦后到了那里。记述描述人仔细查考信息，后来有人从帖撒罗尼迦前来反对，保罗便往雅典离去。后来旅伴名单把所巴特与此城联系起来，却没有报告保罗再次到访，也不能确定他的出生地。城市代表点不能辨认某座会堂或聚会地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-visit",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:10-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "sopater-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "491546; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/491546/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-visit-and-departure",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-visit"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗和西拉抵达比里亚，描述信息获得的回应及反对，并叙述保罗离开前往雅典。",
          "limit": "这里报告城市在叙事中的作用，不能辨认某座现存会堂或其他聚会场所。"
        },
        {
          "id": "sopater-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "sopater-origin"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把旅伴所巴特与比里亚联系起来。",
          "limit": "来源关联不能确定出生地，不能增加一次保罗到访，也不能解决别处相似名字人物的身份。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.berea",
      "aliases": [
        "Beroea",
        "Berea"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:10",
        "ACT 17:13",
        "ACT 20:4"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:11",
        "ACT 17:12",
        "ACT 17:14",
        "ACT 17:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "491546",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-berea"
        },
        {
          "scheme": "wikidata",
          "id": "Q15712213",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-wikidata-berea"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "berea",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.52212666666667,
        "longitude": 22.201492666666667,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-visit-and-departure"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-berea"
    },
    {
      "id": "athens",
      "name": "雅典",
      "summary": "使徒行传说保罗在雅典等待同伴、讨论信息，并向与亚略．巴古有关的听众发言。帖撒罗尼迦前书也回顾留在雅典、差派提摩太前往收信人处。两份文献各有记述，共同背景不能解决它们关系的每个细节。亚略．巴古的提及仍留下演说场所的问题，城市代表点不能确定确切会场或古城边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-city-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:15-34",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "departure",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Thessalonians 3:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "579885; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/579885/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-city-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-city-setting",
            "departure"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把保罗置于雅典，在那里讨论并作与亚略．巴古有关的演说，随后离开前往哥林多。",
          "limit": "城市背景不能裁定亚略．巴古指地点还是议会，也不能确定确切演说位置。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "letter-setting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "帖撒罗尼迦前书回顾留在雅典，并差派提摩太前往收信人处。",
          "limit": "书信没有描述使徒行传的全部行踪，也没有解释两者如何衔接。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.athens",
      "aliases": [
        "Athens"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:15",
        "ACT 17:16",
        "ACT 17:22",
        "ACT 18:1",
        "1TH 3:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:17",
        "ACT 17:18",
        "ACT 17:19",
        "ACT 17:21",
        "ACT 17:23",
        "ACT 17:34"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "579885",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "independent-pleiades-athens"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": "athens",
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.97164747289856,
        "longitude": 23.723954796773654,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-city-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "1-thessalonians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-athens"
    },
    {
      "id": "achaia",
      "name": "亚该亚",
      "summary": "亚该亚在使徒行传及多封保罗书信中是地区名称。使徒行传把迦流的行政管辖与此地联系起来，后来又把它列入保罗的旅行计划。书信把该地区与信徒群体、早期归信者及对耶路撒冷的援助关联。这些分别涉及官员管辖、拟议旅程及教会关系，地区名称不能指认某座城，也不能证明每次提及都有到访。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "administration",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "journey-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 19:21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "collection",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 15:26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-audience",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "administrative-context",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "administration"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在控告保罗的审理中，把迦流与亚该亚的行政管辖联系起来。",
          "limit": "地区名称本身不能确定行省边界，也不能把每处相关参照都当作保罗的所在地。"
        },
        {
          "id": "planned-journey",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "journey-plan"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把亚该亚列入保罗所说的计划：先经过马其顿，再到耶路撒冷。",
          "limit": "计划与抵达或完成旅程的报告不同。"
        },
        {
          "id": "church-connections",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "collection",
            "regional-audience"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书把亚该亚与援助耶路撒冷的捐款关联；哥林多后书则向哥林多以外、遍及亚该亚的信徒致信。",
          "limit": "这些群体关系没有提供完整行程，也不能把每次地区提及都当作哥林多。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.achaia",
      "aliases": [
        "Achaia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:12",
        "ACT 18:27",
        "ACT 19:21",
        "ROM 15:26",
        "ROM 16:5",
        "1CO 16:15",
        "2CO 1:1",
        "2CO 9:2",
        "2CO 11:10",
        "1TH 1:7",
        "1TH 1:8"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "planned-journey"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans",
        "1-corinthians",
        "2-corinthians",
        "1-thessalonians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-achaia"
    },
    {
      "id": "adramyttium",
      "name": "亚大米田",
      "summary": "前往意大利的航程，借船只描述引入亚大米田。使徒行传说旅人登上一艘与此地有关的船，准备沿亚西亚省海岸航行。地名说明船只的地理关联，没有记录保罗在该城停靠。经文没有描述船只更早的行程，也不能证明乘客去过亚大米田。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "ship-description",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550403; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550403/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "ship-provenance",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "ship-description"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传称这段航程最初所乘的船为亚大米田的船。",
          "limit": "船只的地理关联不能证明保罗曾到访相关城市，也不能确定船只的建造地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.adramyttium",
      "aliases": [
        "Adramyttium"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550403",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-550403"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 39.49864002906597,
        "longitude": 26.936097559391023,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-adramyttium"
    },
    {
      "id": "adriatic-sea",
      "name": "亚得里亚海",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章的风暴记述提到亚得里亚海。当时船只已被风吹赶，水手开始怀疑附近有陆地。古代海名的范围未必与现代亚得里亚海边界一致。名称提供宽泛航行背景，船只确切航迹和位置仍不确定。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "storm-location",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:27-29",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "storm-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "storm-location"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说受风暴吹赶的船在亚得里亚海，水手这时怀疑陆地已近。",
          "limit": "古代海域称呼不是精确位置，本身不能确定船只对应的现代航线。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Adriatic Sea",
        "Adriatic"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:27"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:28",
        "ACT 27:29"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "water",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-adriatic-sea"
    },
    {
      "id": "alexandria",
      "name": "亚历山太",
      "summary": "使徒行传把亚历山太与人物和船只联系起来：亚波罗被描述有此地背景，前往意大利旅途中的两艘船也明确与此城相关。这些分别是个人来源及船只地理名称，均没有报告保罗前往亚历山太。这座城也有别于叙事另一部分的特罗亚。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "apollos-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:24",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "myra-ship",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:5-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-ship",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "727070; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/727070/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "ship-connections",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "myra-ship",
            "later-ship"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把百夫长找到的一艘船，以及过冬后搭乘的另一艘船，都与亚历山太联系起来。",
          "limit": "这些船只描述不能证明保罗到访亚历山太，也不属于同一航程阶段。"
        },
        {
          "id": "apollos-origin",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "apollos-origin"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传以来源描述把亚波罗与亚历山太联系起来。",
          "limit": "这个形容词说明来源关联，并非直接出现城名，也不是保罗行踪的报告。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.alexandria",
      "aliases": [
        "Alexandria"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:6",
        "ACT 28:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:24",
        "ACT 27:5"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "727070",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-727070"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 31.201435,
        "longitude": 29.909773,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-alexandria"
    },
    {
      "id": "amphipolis",
      "name": "暗非波里",
      "summary": "使徒行传说，一行人前往帖撒罗尼迦时经过暗非波里。叙事把它与亚波罗尼亚并列，随后转向帖撒罗尼迦会堂及当地事件，没有另述此地的教导、住宿或停留时长。因此，这处参照支持所报告的途经，具体经过及当地活动则未加描述。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "501347; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501347/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-passage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把暗非波里列在旅人抵达帖撒罗尼迦之前经过的地点中。",
          "limit": "途经某地不能证明曾停留宣讲、建立当地信徒群体或停留某段具体时间。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.amphipolis",
      "aliases": [
        "Amphipolis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "501347",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-501347"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.82581148078865,
        "longitude": 23.841579432345075,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-amphipolis"
    },
    {
      "id": "antioch",
      "name": "叙利亚的安提阿",
      "summary": "叙利亚的安提阿是使徒行传重要的信徒群体背景：巴拿巴和扫罗在那里教导，同工从那里受差派，旅人也回来向教会报告。加拉太书把涉及彼得及共同用餐的争执设在此城。这与其他旅程记述中彼西底的安提阿有别。同名不能使两城互换，也不能解决使徒行传与加拉太书之间所有拟议联系。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "community",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "commission",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:26-28",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "meal-dispute",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 2:11-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "658381; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/658381/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "teaching-community",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "community"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述巴拿巴和扫罗在安提阿群体中长期教导。",
          "limit": "本段涉及叙利亚的安提阿，并非后来旅程中关联彼西底的另一座城市。"
        },
        {
          "id": "sending-and-return",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "commission",
            "return"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传呈现安提阿为差派巴拿巴和扫罗的群体，也是两人返回报告的地方。",
          "limit": "记述确立这一群体在叙事中的角色，却没有提供从此出发的每次旅程之完整行程。"
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-encounter",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "meal-dispute"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书把保罗就共同用餐质问彼得的事件设在安提阿。",
          "limit": "参照本身不能确定事件与使徒行传会议及旅程的相对日期。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.antioch",
      "aliases": [
        "Antioch"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:19",
        "ACT 11:20",
        "ACT 11:22",
        "ACT 11:26",
        "ACT 11:27",
        "ACT 13:1",
        "ACT 14:26",
        "ACT 15:22",
        "ACT 15:23",
        "ACT 15:30",
        "ACT 15:35",
        "ACT 18:22",
        "GAL 2:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:2",
        "ACT 13:3",
        "ACT 14:27",
        "ACT 14:28",
        "GAL 2:12",
        "GAL 2:13",
        "GAL 2:14"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "658381",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-658381"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.2158868,
        "longitude": 36.17684236666667,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-antioch"
    },
    {
      "id": "antipatris",
      "name": "安提帕底",
      "summary": "安提帕底是军队把保罗从耶路撒冷移送该撒利亚的具名途中地点。使徒行传报告士兵夜间把他带到这里，次日护送队伍有所调整。这是明确涉及保罗的移动报告，并非根据某人的出生地或后来书信所作推断。经文没有描述传道访问、路线的精确走向或夜间住宿地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "escort-stage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 23:31-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687996; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687996/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "escorted-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "escort-stage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告士兵在夜间移送中把保罗带到安提帕底，随后护送继续往该撒利亚前进。",
          "limit": "这是拘押期间报告的途中阶段，不是传道停留，也不是经独立定位的过夜遗址。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Antipatris"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 23:31"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 23:32",
        "ACT 23:33"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687996",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-687996"
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      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.10523666672457,
        "longitude": 34.93097367038177,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "escorted-arrival"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-antipatris"
    },
    {
      "id": "apollonia",
      "name": "亚波罗尼亚",
      "summary": "亚波罗尼亚与暗非波里并列出现于前往帖撒罗尼迦的旅程记述。使徒行传把两地列为途经地点，随后详细记述帖撒罗尼迦事件。辨认同名聚落时，路线背景很重要。本段没有描述亚波罗尼亚当地传道、过夜或单独相遇，也没有提供聚落的确切位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "route-context",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把亚波罗尼亚列在暗非波里之后，作为旅人前往帖撒罗尼迦的途经地点。",
          "limit": "路线背景有助于辨认所指聚落，但确切遗址仍须其他地理证据。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.apollonia",
      "aliases": [
        "Apollonia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-apollonia"
    },
    {
      "id": "arabia",
      "name": "阿拉伯",
      "summary": "加拉太书在两种不同背景中提到阿拉伯。叙述者先报告前往那里，随后返回大马士革；后来又在涉及西奈、夏甲及耶路撒冷的比较中提到它。旅行记述没有给出地区内确切目的地，后面的论证则另有用途。两处提及不能证明地域范围完全相同，也不能证明曾前往西奈。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 4:24-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-journey",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "journey"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书的叙述者报告前往阿拉伯，随后返回大马士革。",
          "limit": "记述没有说明阿拉伯境内所到地点、路线，也没有说明曾到访西奈。"
        },
        {
          "id": "sinai-comparison",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书在比较夏甲与耶路撒冷时，把西奈与阿拉伯联系起来。",
          "limit": "这种用法属于书信的论证，不能独立定位此前旅程，也不能解决阿拉伯地域边界。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.arabia",
      "aliases": [
        "Arabia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "GAL 1:17",
        "GAL 4:25"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "GAL 4:24",
        "GAL 4:26"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-journey"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-arabia"
    },
    {
      "id": "areopagus",
      "name": "亚略．巴古",
      "summary": "使徒行传中，亚略．巴古这个名称与保罗在雅典的相遇有关。叙事先描述有关他教导的询问，再引出他的发言。名称可以指实际地点或议会，这些提及本身不能确定演说的确切场所。城市公共背景是清楚的，听审机构与实际位置的关系则仍不确定。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "hearing",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:16-19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:22",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "narrative-designation",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "hearing",
            "address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在引入对保罗教导的询问及随后发言时，使用亚略．巴古这个名称。",
          "limit": "单凭名称，不能确定每次出现指地点、议会，还是与两者都相关的相遇。"
        },
        {
          "id": "referent-uncertainty",
          "claimType": "interpretive",
          "epistemicStatus": "debated",
          "confidence": "debated",
          "supports": [
            "hearing",
            "address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [
            "physical-site",
            "council"
          ],
          "statement": "亚略．巴古指实际地点或指议会，是两种不同的解释。",
          "limit": "仅凭这些参照，两种解读都不能确定精确的演说地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "id": "physical-site",
          "supports": [
            "hearing",
            "address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "label": "实际地点的解读",
          "statement": "名称指与相遇有关的实际地点。"
        },
        {
          "id": "council",
          "supports": [
            "hearing",
            "address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "label": "议会的解读",
          "statement": "名称指议会或听审机构，没有确定演说的确切位置。"
        }
      ],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.areopagus",
      "aliases": [
        "Areopagus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:16",
        "ACT 17:19",
        "ACT 17:22"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-areopagus"
    },
    {
      "id": "asia-province",
      "name": "亚西亚",
      "summary": "这些段落中的亚西亚指罗马行省，而非现代大洲。使徒行传在宣讲、旅行安排、地区来源及反对的记述中使用此名，书信也提到与此地有关的教会和经历。这些用途并非全是行踪报告。尤其使徒行传16章禁止宣讲，与后来保罗在该省活动的记述不同，不能使每次提及都成为到访记录。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "preaching-restriction",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:17-18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "churches",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 16:19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "981509; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/981509/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "preaching-restriction",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "preaching-restriction"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告这段旅程中不得在亚西亚省宣讲信息。",
          "limit": "限制涉及宣讲；这节没有说禁止进入整个行省。"
        },
        {
          "id": "later-activity",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "reported-arrival"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "保罗向以弗所长老讲话时，回顾自己抵达亚西亚省及在他们中间的行为。",
          "limit": "这是演说对其活动的记述，不能证明每处来源或群体参照都标示保罗到访过的地点。"
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-churches",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "churches"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多前书传达与亚西亚省有关的教会之问候。",
          "limit": "地区教会称呼没有列出各自位置，也不能证明保罗曾在每个群体中。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.asia-province",
      "aliases": [
        "Asia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:6",
        "ACT 19:10",
        "ACT 19:22",
        "ACT 19:26",
        "ACT 19:27",
        "ACT 20:4",
        "ACT 20:16",
        "ACT 20:18",
        "ACT 21:27",
        "ACT 24:18",
        "ACT 27:2",
        "1CO 16:19",
        "2CO 1:8",
        "2TI 1:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:17"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "981509",
          "targetKind": "province",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-981509"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "province",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 38.46072215674155,
        "longitude": 27.776104819835428,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "later-activity"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "1-corinthians",
        "2-corinthians",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-asia-province"
    },
    {
      "id": "assos",
      "name": "亚朔",
      "summary": "使徒行传中，亚朔是保罗重新会合乘船同伴的地点。前一则记述区分同伴的航程与他计划中的陆路旅程，下一节则报告会面和登船。因此，本段不只提供拟往目的地，而是叙述实际会合，却没有确定他所走的道路或城内登船的确切位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "travel-arrangement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:13-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550463; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550463/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-rendezvous",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "travel-arrangement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传区分保罗计划中的陆路旅程与同伴的航程，随后报告他们在亚朔会面，接他上船。",
          "limit": "所报告的会合没有说明陆路路线或确切登船点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.assos",
      "aliases": [
        "Assos"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:13",
        "ACT 20:14"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550463",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-550463"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 39.49013546086826,
        "longitude": 26.336351701762013,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-rendezvous"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-assos"
    },
    {
      "id": "attalia",
      "name": "亚大利",
      "summary": "使徒行传14章返程末段提到亚大利。在别加传讲之后，旅人来到这里，随后乘船前往安提阿。它在已报告的旅程中有明确角色，聚落内活动却少有描述。经文没有记述当地教会、停留时间或离港时使用的确切设施。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "return-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:24-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "638778; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/638778/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-departure",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "return-journey"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告旅人从别加来到亚大利，再从那里乘船前往安提阿。",
          "limit": "旅程记述不能确定当地服事、停留时长或确切港口位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.attalia",
      "aliases": [
        "Attalia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:25"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:24",
        "ACT 14:26"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "638778",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-638778"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.8903095,
        "longitude": 30.699968,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-attalia"
    },
    {
      "id": "azotus",
      "name": "亚锁都",
      "summary": "亚锁都出现在使徒行传中腓利的故事里，接续他与埃塞俄比亚旅人的相遇。叙事随后说他在亚锁都，又沿各城传道，直到该撒利亚。这是关于腓利的明确地点记述，并非保罗行程中的事件。经文没有另述当地群体、腓利停留时长或他出现的确切位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "philip-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:39-40",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "philip-notice",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "philip-route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传先说腓利在亚锁都，再描述他经过各城、往该撒利亚传道。",
          "limit": "这则记述涉及腓利，不能证明保罗到访亚锁都。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Azotus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:40"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:39"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-azotus"
    },
    {
      "id": "bithynia",
      "name": "庇推尼省",
      "summary": "使徒行传把庇推尼省列为旅人在每西亚附近尝试前往的目的地。记述说不获准进入，随后叙事继续往特罗亚。这里记录意图及限制，并非抵达。经文没有指明他们想去的城镇、改道之处或地区的精确边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "attempted-entry",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:7-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "511189; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/511189/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "blocked-intention",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "attempted-entry"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述旅人尝试进入庇推尼省却不获准，随后前往特罗亚。",
          "limit": "拟往目的地不能当作已完成到访，也不能定位为确切边境相遇。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.bithynia",
      "aliases": [
        "Bithynia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:7"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:8"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "511189",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-511189"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.562857811901765,
        "longitude": 30.72017621181448,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "blocked-intention"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-bithynia"
    },
    {
      "id": "canaan",
      "name": "迦南",
      "summary": "使徒行传13章保罗在会堂讲话、回顾历史时提到迦南，把这片地区与先前族群被迁离及土地分给以色列关联。这属于回顾古代历史，并非保罗旅行的一站。参照没有列明迦南边界，也没有确定所述地区内事件的地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "historical-review",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:17-20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "retrospective-region",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "historical-review"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传中，保罗的演说在回顾以色列早期定居及承受土地时提到迦南。",
          "limit": "这里记录演说的历史陈述，不能独立验证这些事件，也不能证明保罗到访迦南。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Canaan"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:19"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:17",
        "ACT 13:18",
        "ACT 13:20"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-canaan"
    },
    {
      "id": "cenchreae",
      "name": "坚革里",
      "summary": "坚革里出现在使徒行传的离去叙事，以及罗马书对非比的推荐中。前者把地点与许愿及前往叙利亚的旅程关联，后者则把她与当地教会联系起来。两则记述说明不同联系，不一定属于同一场合。它们本身不能确定离去记述中每个行动的主体，也不能辨认群体聚会的确切地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "departure-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "phoebe-community",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 16:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "570347; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570347/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "departure-context",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "departure-context"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在保罗离开前往叙利亚及与许愿有关的行动记述中，提到坚革里。",
          "limit": "地点提及不要求先解决剃头和许愿的代词归属争议。"
        },
        {
          "id": "phoebe-community",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "phoebe-community"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书推荐非比，并把她与坚革里教会联系起来。",
          "limit": "这种群体关联与离去叙事不同，不能证明保罗另一次到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.cenchreae",
      "aliases": [
        "Cenchreae"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:18",
        "ROM 16:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 16:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "570347",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-570347"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.88239,
        "longitude": 22.992532,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cenchreae"
    },
    {
      "id": "chios",
      "name": "基阿",
      "summary": "使徒行传20章沿岸航程提到基阿这个地标。旅人来到岛的对面，叙事随后继续往撒摩和米利都。措辞说明从岛旁经过，没有叙述登陆。经文没有确定锚地、岛上到访城镇或船离岸的确切距离，也没有记述当地聚会或服事。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "coastal-passage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550497; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550497/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "offshore-passage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "coastal-passage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船只在继续航行时，来到基阿的对面。",
          "limit": "离岸位置不能证明登陆、到访某座城或精确航迹。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.chios",
      "aliases": [
        "Chios"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550497",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-550497"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 38.38363822562521,
        "longitude": 26.014242444030867,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-chios"
    },
    {
      "id": "cilicia",
      "name": "基利家",
      "summary": "基利家在使徒行传和加拉太书中有多种地区用法。使徒行传在群体书信、走访教会、保罗与大数的联系及沿岸航程中提到它；加拉太书也报告前往叙利亚和基利家一带。地区须与大数城分别保留，出生地或沿岸提及不能把每次出现都变成单独到访。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "church-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:40-41",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "tarsus-identification",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "coastal-voyage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "658440; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/658440/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "regional-travel",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "church-journey",
            "letter-journey"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述经过基利家、坚固教会的旅程；加拉太书则报告前往叙利亚和基利家一带。",
          "limit": "叙事和书信各有记述；共同地区名没有提供确切路线，也不能自动同步两者。"
        },
        {
          "id": "city-region-distinction",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "tarsus-identification"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传借基利家的地区关联辨认大数。",
          "limit": "地区限定不能使大数与基利家成为同一地理对象。"
        },
        {
          "id": "coastal-reference",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "coastal-voyage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述抵达每拉之前驶经的水域时，提到基利家。",
          "limit": "沿岸航行参照不能证明在基利家登陆，或访问未具名聚落。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.cilicia",
      "aliases": [
        "Cilicia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 15:23",
        "ACT 15:41",
        "ACT 21:39",
        "ACT 22:3",
        "ACT 23:34",
        "ACT 27:5",
        "GAL 1:21"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 15:40"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "658440",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b02-pleiades-658440"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.58645514246619,
        "longitude": 33.910580483222674,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "regional-travel"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cilicia"
    },
    {
      "id": "clauda",
      "name": "高大岛",
      "summary": "高大岛是使徒行传27章风暴航程提到的小岛。叙事描述船驶入岛旁避风，船员费力收稳小艇，随后再采取保护大船的措施。岛屿是紧急航行中的地理参照。经文没有报告登陆，也没有给出船只确切航向、锚地或沿岸位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "island-shelter",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:16-17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "sheltered-passage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "island-shelter"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传称高大为小岛，船员在岛旁避风，并在风暴中收稳小艇。",
          "limit": "在岛旁避风不能证明登陆，也不能确定船只的精确位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Clauda"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:16"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:17"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-clauda"
    },
    {
      "id": "cnidus",
      "name": "革尼土",
      "summary": "前往意大利的艰难航程把革尼土作为沿岸参照。使徒行传描述船到其对面后，逆风使旅人转往克里特岛。记述关乎船只位置及改道，并非抵达城镇，不能证明登陆、当地活动，也不能确定聚落、岬角及船只离岸位置之间的确切关系。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "coastal-position",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:7-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "599575; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599575/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "offshore-reference",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "coastal-position"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说船到革尼土对面后，因风势不利，继续往克里特岛。",
          "limit": "离岸描述没有报告在城中登陆，也没有确定城镇或岬角旁的确切点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.cnidus",
      "aliases": [
        "Cnidus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:7"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:8"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "599575",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-599575"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.688179500000004,
        "longitude": 27.3728385,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cnidus"
    },
    {
      "id": "colossae",
      "name": "歌罗西",
      "summary": "歌罗西书开头以歌罗西为收信地点。书信描述收信人的信仰，把他们所受教导与以巴弗关联，后来又通过问候及读信，把他们与其他群体联系起来。这些是书信呈现的关系，并非保罗抵达的叙述。开头致信及关于未曾亲见作者之人的讨论，本身不能裁定保罗是否曾到访。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "address-and-epaphras",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 1:1-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "personal-contact",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 2:1-5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "community-exchange",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 4:12-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "638811; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/638811/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "addressed-community",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "address-and-epaphras"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "personal-contact"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "歌罗西书向歌罗西群体致信，并把其教导与以巴弗关联。",
          "limit": "致信及以巴弗教导的报告，不能证明保罗到访，不能证明以巴弗创立该群体，也不能确定作者。"
        },
        {
          "id": "linked-communities",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "community-exchange"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "歌罗西书把收信人与以巴弗、老底嘉及希拉波立群体关联，也吩咐交换书信。",
          "limit": "群体关系不能使城市互换，也不能确立连续旅行行程。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.colossae",
      "aliases": [
        "Colossae"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "COL 1:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "COL 1:4",
        "COL 1:7",
        "COL 2:1",
        "COL 2:5",
        "COL 4:12",
        "COL 4:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "638811",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-638811"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.78679468617674,
        "longitude": 29.25992089668405,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "colossians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-colossae"
    },
    {
      "id": "corinth",
      "name": "哥林多",
      "summary": "哥林多既是使徒行传中保罗活动的城市，也是哥林多前书及哥林多后书致信的群体。使徒行传报告他抵达、工作和教导，停留十八个月。书信各自保留关系、解释及旅行意图；提摩太后书另说以拉都在那里。这些记述不能压成单一已确定日期的顺序，提到他人所在地也不能证明保罗在场。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:1-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "first-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 1:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "second-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "deferred-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 1:23-2:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "erastus-location",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "570182; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570182/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗抵达哥林多，在那里工作、教导，并停留十八个月。",
          "limit": "这是叙事提供的时长及城市背景，不是经独立确定日期的居住记录，也不能辨认现存房屋。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-audiences",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "first-address",
            "second-address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多前书和哥林多后书分别向哥林多信徒群体致信。",
          "limit": "开头致信不能确定写信地点，也不能协调保罗通信所提出的每个阶段。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-movement-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "deferred-arrival",
            "erastus-location"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多后书解释保罗为何没有在所讨论的场合来到哥林多；提摩太后书另说以拉都留在那里。",
          "limit": "这项解释没有否认此前到访。以拉都的所在地没有报告保罗另一次到访，也没有确定他与其他同名人物的身份关系。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.corinth",
      "aliases": [
        "Corinth"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:1",
        "ACT 19:1",
        "1CO 1:2",
        "2CO 1:1",
        "2CO 1:23",
        "2TI 4:20"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:8",
        "ACT 18:11",
        "2CO 1:24",
        "2CO 2:1",
        "2CO 6:11"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "570182",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-570182"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.90564164345828,
        "longitude": 22.878614390874485,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "1-corinthians",
        "2-corinthians",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-corinth"
    },
    {
      "id": "cos",
      "name": "哥士",
      "summary": "使徒行传在米利都附近告别后的航程中，报告抵达哥士，随后沿途是罗底和帕大拉。这给该地在船只行程中明确角色，却没有叙述当地聚会、服事或停留时长。岛屿本身，也须与船只究竟抵达哪座城、港口或沿岸点的更具体问题区分。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-stop",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "599581; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599581/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-voyage-stop",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-stop"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告旅人抵达哥士，随后继续往罗底和帕大拉。",
          "limit": "具名抵达没有确定确切港口，没有证明横越岛屿，也没有描述当地活动。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.cos",
      "aliases": [
        "Cos"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "599581",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-599581"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.82289541193156,
        "longitude": 27.137382777700278,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-voyage-stop"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cos"
    },
    {
      "id": "crete",
      "name": "克里特岛",
      "summary": "克里特岛是使徒行传27章一段航程的岛屿背景，也是提多书独立记述的场所。使徒行传描述艰难沿岸航行、停靠，以及寻找另一过冬港口的决定；提多书则呈现岛上群体领袖的安排。两者没有解释这些背景如何关联。书信对岛民的概括是归于该信的修辞，不能独立描述每位居民，也不是另一次直接出现地名。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "coastal-voyage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:7-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "voyage-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "titus-arrangements",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Titus 1:5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "attributed-characterization",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Titus 1:12-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-island-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "coastal-voyage",
            "voyage-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把船置于克里特岛沿岸，叙述停靠及过冬讨论，后来又呈现保罗回顾离岛。",
          "limit": "岛屿背景不能确定离岸航迹，也不能把每次提及都当作单独登陆。"
        },
        {
          "id": "titus-community-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "titus-arrangements"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "attributed-characterization"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提多书的叙述者说自己把提多留在克里特岛，安排群体领袖。",
          "limit": "记述不能确定书信作者、日期，或把群体安排与使徒行传航程联系起来。对岛民的概括属于书信修辞，不能描述每位居民。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.crete",
      "aliases": [
        "Crete"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:7",
        "ACT 27:12",
        "ACT 27:13",
        "ACT 27:21",
        "TIT 1:5"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:8",
        "ACT 27:9",
        "ACT 27:10",
        "ACT 27:11",
        "TIT 1:12",
        "TIT 1:13"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-island-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "titus"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-crete"
    },
    {
      "id": "cyrene",
      "name": "古利奈",
      "summary": "使徒行传通过人物的地理关联提到古利奈。一些与此城有关的人参与前往安提阿的行动，路求也在当地教师和先知名单中被称为古利奈人。这些记述把该城置于群体网络中，没有描述保罗到访。来源关联不能确定出生地、公民身份、长期住所或更早旅程的细节。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "antioch-workers",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:19-22",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "lucius-association",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "373778; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/373778/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "people-associations",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "antioch-workers",
            "lucius-association"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把一些在安提阿活动的人，包括名单中的路求，与古利奈关联。",
          "limit": "城名关联没有报告保罗到访，没有确定各人出生地，也没有提供连续生平。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Cyrene"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:20",
        "ACT 13:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:21"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "373778",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-373778"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.82002662733894,
        "longitude": 21.856538513413255,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-cyrene"
    },
    {
      "id": "dalmatia",
      "name": "达马太",
      "summary": "提摩太后书记述数人的行踪时提到达马太，把提多与前往该地的旅程关联，并与底马和革勒士区分。书信没有描述提多当地的活动，也没有描述保罗到访。地区记述须仍归于本信，不能独立确定日期、作者、目的地的确切范围或停留时长。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "titus-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:9-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "titus-destination",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "titus-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书在同伴行踪记述中，报告提多前往达马太。",
          "limit": "记述关乎提多，并非保罗抵达；没有给出当地服事、停留时长或独立年表。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Dalmatia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "2TI 4:10"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "2TI 4:9",
        "2TI 4:11"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-dalmatia"
    },
    {
      "id": "egypt",
      "name": "埃及",
      "summary": "使徒行传13章保罗回顾以色列历史时提到埃及，涉及祖先的停留及离去，而非他本人的旅行。后来一名军官质问保罗时使用埃及人的身份称呼，但问题没有确定他就是那个人。两种用法都不能证明他到访，也没有给出现代国家边界或所回顾事件的精确地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "speech-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:16-20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "identity-question",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:37-39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "retrospective-region",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "speech-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传中，保罗的演说在叙述以色列祖先及其离去时提到埃及。",
          "limit": "这里记录演说的叙述，不能独立验证事件，也不是保罗的旅程。"
        },
        {
          "id": "questioned-identity",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "identity-question"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传呈现军官询问保罗是否是与此前骚乱有关的埃及人。",
          "limit": "身份询问不能证明保罗就是那人、有埃及背景或曾到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.egypt",
      "aliases": [
        "Egypt"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:17"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:38"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-egypt"
    },
    {
      "id": "ephesus",
      "name": "以弗所",
      "summary": "以弗所反复出现于使徒行传及多封书信。使徒行传报告保罗到访、长期教导，后来又区分驶过此城与召集当地长老到别处会面。哥林多前书把此城与他的计划及条件性的冲突描述关联。其他书信在致信或同工行踪中使用此名。这些参照各有文献背景，不能确立协调一致的年表，也不能定位某次聚会。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-visits",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:19-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-teaching",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 19:1-10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "elders-summoned",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:16-18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-conflict",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 15:30-34",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 16:8-9",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "ephesians-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Ephesians 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "timothy-instruction",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Timothy 1:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "onesiphorus-service",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 1:18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "tychicus-dispatch",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "599612; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599612/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-city-settings",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-visits",
            "acts-teaching"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "elders-summoned"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗来到以弗所并教导，后来却区分绕过城市与召集其长老来见他。",
          "limit": "长老会面不是保罗再次抵达此城，城市背景也不能定位某栋出土建筑。"
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-letter-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "corinthian-conflict",
            "corinthian-plan"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多前书以条件性用语描述以弗所的冲突，另提保罗计划留到五旬节。",
          "limit": "条件性的冲突用语本身不能证明他实际在竞技场与野兽搏斗；计划也不能独立确定离去日期。"
        },
        {
          "id": "other-letter-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "ephesians-address",
            "timothy-instruction",
            "onesiphorus-service",
            "tychicus-dispatch"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "以弗所书在开头致信中提到此城；提摩太前书和提摩太后书另把它与提摩太、阿尼色弗及推基古关联。",
          "limit": "城名本身不能确定各信作者、日期，也不能使每次提及成为保罗新一次到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.ephesus",
      "aliases": [
        "Ephesus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:19",
        "ACT 18:21",
        "ACT 18:24",
        "ACT 19:1",
        "ACT 19:17",
        "ACT 19:26",
        "ACT 19:35",
        "ACT 20:16",
        "ACT 20:17",
        "1CO 15:32",
        "1CO 16:8",
        "EPH 1:1",
        "1TI 1:3",
        "2TI 1:18",
        "2TI 4:12"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 19:8",
        "ACT 19:9",
        "ACT 19:28",
        "ACT 19:34",
        "ACT 21:29",
        "1CO 16:9"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "599612",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-599612"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.940164271971945,
        "longitude": 27.34240298195866,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-city-settings"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "1-corinthians",
        "ephesians",
        "1-timothy",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-ephesus"
    },
    {
      "id": "ethiopia",
      "name": "埃塞俄比亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传借腓利路上遇见的官员引入埃塞俄比亚。叙事把他与该地联系起来，说他为当地女王任职，又描述他从耶路撒冷敬拜返回。这是个人的地理和政治关联，不是保罗的旅行。古代名称不能自动等同现代国界，记述也没有提供官员出生地或地区内的确切地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "official-association",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:26-30",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "official-origin-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "official-association"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把腓利相遇的官员与埃塞俄比亚及为当地统治者服务关联。",
          "limit": "这种描述没有报告保罗到访，没有确定官员出生地，也没有界定古代地区与现代国家的对应关系。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Ethiopia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:27"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:26",
        "ACT 8:28",
        "ACT 8:29"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-ethiopia"
    },
    {
      "id": "fair-havens",
      "name": "美港",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章记述沿克里特岛的艰难航程时，报告抵达美港，说它靠近拉西亚，随后讨论应留此过冬还是尝试另一港口。多数人的选择及后续离去都属于该航程记述。港口背景与邻近城市有别，记述没有确定精确的古代港工设施、锚地或完整当地路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "stop-and-decision",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:8-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-stop-and-decision",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "stop-and-decision"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船抵达拉西亚附近的美港，并描述决定另找过冬地点。",
          "limit": "邻近城市是不同地点；记述没有定位港口建筑或确切锚地，也没有报告抵达拟议的过冬目的地。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.fair-havens",
      "aliases": [
        "Fair Havens"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:8"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:9",
        "ACT 27:10",
        "ACT 27:11",
        "ACT 27:12",
        "ACT 27:13"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-stop-and-decision"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-fair-havens"
    },
    {
      "id": "forum-appii",
      "name": "亚比乌",
      "summary": "亚比乌是接近罗马途中具名的会面地点，使徒行传以市场称呼提到它，并把它与三馆并列，记述信徒与保罗一行会面。场景描述旅途中的鼓励，而非当地传道巡行，没有给出确切会合点、停留时长，或串连所有具名站点的连续路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "roadside-meeting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:14-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "422927; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/422927/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-meeting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "roadside-meeting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把亚比乌列为信徒前来迎接旅人之处，并记述保罗看见他们而得到鼓励。",
          "limit": "会面记述没有辨认确切路边建筑，没有确立当地服事，也没有给出停留时长。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.forum-appii",
      "aliases": [
        "The Market of Appius",
        "Market of Appius",
        "Forum Appii"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:14",
        "ACT 28:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "422927",
          "targetKind": "site",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-422927"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 41.46639,
        "longitude": 12.9975,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-meeting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-forum-appii"
    },
    {
      "id": "galatia",
      "name": "加拉太地区",
      "summary": "加拉太地区出现在使徒行传旅程及多封书信中。前者描述经过与弗吕家相关的地区，哥林多前书和加拉太书则提到相关信徒群体；提摩太后书另将它列为革勒士的目的地。这些用法不能确定单一地域范围，也不能把每处群体参照当作保罗到访。旅行地区、行省边界与收信人之间的关系仍未解决。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "first-region-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-region-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "collection-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 16:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "audience-label",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 3:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "crescens-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-movement",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "first-region-journey",
            "later-region-journey"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传两处旅程记述说，一行人经过与加拉太地区和弗吕家有关的地区。",
          "limit": "措辞本身不能解决地区边界、列出到访城市，或把收信人与路线中每处地点等同。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-community-associations",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "collection-communities",
            "letter-address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "audience-label"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多前书在捐款指示中提到加拉太地区群体，加拉太书则向与该地有关的群体致信。",
          "limit": "群体参照本身不能决定北部或南部地域模型，也不能证明抵达每个具名群体。"
        },
        {
          "id": "crescens-destination",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "crescens-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书报告革勒士前往加拉太地区。",
          "limit": "这里涉及革勒士，而非保罗到访，也不能独立确定书信日期或作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.galatia",
      "aliases": [
        "Galatia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:6",
        "ACT 18:23",
        "1CO 16:1",
        "GAL 1:2",
        "2TI 4:10"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "GAL 3:1"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-movement"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "1-corinthians",
        "galatians",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-galatia"
    },
    {
      "id": "galilee",
      "name": "加利利",
      "summary": "使徒行传在关于信徒群体、耶稣活动，以及曾陪他前往耶路撒冷之人的记述中，使用加利利这个地区名。这些参照各有叙事背景，没有描述保罗抵达或居住。群体记述没有辨认某座城，演说中的记述也须归于发言者，不能提供地区精确边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "regional-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:31",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "peter-account",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 10:36-39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "paul-speech-witnesses",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:30-32",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678145; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678145/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "community-region",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "regional-communities"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在描述信徒群体的情况及增长时，把加利利包括在内。",
          "limit": "地区群体记述没有指认保罗到访的城镇，也不能证明他遍及全区。"
        },
        {
          "id": "speech-contexts",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "peter-account",
            "paul-speech-witnesses"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传的演说把加利利与耶稣活动的开始，以及陪他前往耶路撒冷的人关联。",
          "limit": "这些是演说关于耶稣及见证人的记述，并非保罗的行踪。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Galilee"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:31",
        "ACT 10:37",
        "ACT 13:31"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678145",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-678145"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.75,
        "longitude": 35.25,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-galilee"
    },
    {
      "id": "gaza",
      "name": "迦萨",
      "summary": "使徒行传8章指示腓利行走的道路，以迦萨为相关目的地。后面的相遇发生在旅途中，经文却没有叙述他进城，也没有提供保罗到访。城市与道路是不同地理对象，背景描述本身不能确定具体路段、古城范围或会面点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "road-direction",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:26-29",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687902; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687902/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "road-destination-reference",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "road-direction"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传指示腓利走从耶路撒冷出发的道路时，提到迦萨。",
          "limit": "道路所指的目的地不能证明进城、保罗到访，或后来相遇的确切位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Gaza"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:26"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:27",
        "ACT 8:28",
        "ACT 8:29"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687902",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-687902"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 31.5202095,
        "longitude": 34.451719,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-gaza"
    },
    {
      "id": "gomorrah",
      "name": "蛾摩拉",
      "summary": "罗马书在关于以色列的经书比较中提到蛾摩拉，并把它与所多玛并列，论述若没有余民会有什么结果。这是修辞和神学上的城市回顾，并非旅行记述，不能证明保罗到访，也不能独立验证毁城事件，或确立考古身份及现代位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "scriptural-comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 9:27-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "city-in-comparison",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "scriptural-comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书论述以色列时，引用归于以赛亚的比较，把蛾摩拉与所多玛并列。",
          "limit": "比较不是保罗行程，也不能独立定位城市或验证所回顾的毁城传统。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Gomorrah"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:29"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:27",
        "ROM 9:28",
        "ROM 9:30"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-gomorrah"
    },
    {
      "id": "greece",
      "name": "希腊",
      "summary": "使徒行传说保罗经过马其顿后，以希腊为地区目的地。叙事报告停留三个月，后来因阴谋而改变继续前行的计划。地区名称没有列出每个停留地点，也没有把停留定位于某栋房屋或城市，不能当作现代国界或经独立确定日期的地理行程。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "regional-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "regional-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗来到希腊，停留三个月，并改变计划中的离去路线。",
          "limit": "报告没有给出精确地区边界或到访城镇名单，本身也不能把停留具体认定为哥林多。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.greece",
      "aliases": [
        "Greece"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:1",
        "ACT 20:3"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-greece"
    },
    {
      "id": "hierapolis",
      "name": "希拉波立",
      "summary": "歌罗西书提到以巴弗关心希拉波立的人，把他们与收信人及老底嘉联系起来，使此城置于书信呈现的群体关系中。它没有描述保罗前往，也没有叙述以巴弗在城市间的行踪。共同受到关心不能确立单一会众、某栋聚会房屋或古代聚落边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "epaphras-concern",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 4:12-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "638860; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/638860/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "community-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "epaphras-concern"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "歌罗西书把希拉波立的人与以巴弗的关切关联，并与收信人及老底嘉的人并列。",
          "limit": "群体关联不能证明保罗到访、以巴弗当时在城中，或共同聚会地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Hierapolis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "COL 4:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "COL 4:12",
        "COL 4:14"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "638860",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-638860"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.926925,
        "longitude": 29.127859,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "colossians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-hierapolis"
    },
    {
      "id": "illyricum",
      "name": "以利里古",
      "summary": "罗马书在从耶路撒冷开始的记述中，以以利里古标示保罗所述宣讲范围。经文描述工作广度，没有逐站列出地点，也没有确定他进入地区还是仅到附近，没有给出城名或路线。因此，书信所描述的旅程，其确切走向仍未明确。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "missionary-range",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 15:18-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "stated-missionary-range",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "missionary-range"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书中，保罗从耶路撒冷说起、描述宣讲范围时提到以利里古。",
          "limit": "所述范围不能解决进入地区或抵达附近的区别，不能辨认到访城镇，也不能独立验证整段旅程。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.illyricum",
      "aliases": [
        "Illyricum"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 15:19"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 15:18",
        "ROM 15:20",
        "ROM 15:21"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-illyricum"
    },
    {
      "id": "italia",
      "name": "意大利",
      "summary": "使徒行传先借亚居拉和百基拉最近从意大利迁来而提到该地区，后来又把它列为涉及囚犯保罗之计划航程的目的地；一艘船也被描述为驶往那里。这分别是另一家庭的离去、乘客拟议旅程及船只目的地，不能把每次出现都当作保罗抵达，不能证明居住，也不能以现代国界定义地区。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "household-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "voyage-intention",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "ship-destination",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "1052; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/1052/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "household-departure",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "household-origin"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说亚居拉和百基拉在哥林多遇见保罗之前，刚从意大利来到。",
          "limit": "两人的移动没有报告保罗此前在此地，也不能确定夫妇出生地。"
        },
        {
          "id": "intended-voyage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-intention",
            "ship-destination"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把意大利列为保罗与其他囚犯航程的目的地，也说百夫长找到的船驶往那里。",
          "limit": "计划航程和船只目的地有别于抵达；这些记述不能证明居住，也不能确定登陆点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.italia",
      "aliases": [
        "Italy",
        "Italia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:2",
        "ACT 27:1",
        "ACT 27:6"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:3",
        "ACT 27:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "1052",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-1052"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 43.6941505,
        "longitude": 11.0949512,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "intended-voyage"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-italia"
    },
    {
      "id": "jerusalem",
      "name": "耶路撒冷",
      "summary": "耶路撒冷反复成为使徒行传中群体、旅行、议事及拘押的背景。加拉太书另报告访问，罗马书和哥林多前书则把此城与援助及旅行意图联系起来。这些文献记述不能确立单一公认年表，也不能把每次提及当作保罗抵达。加拉太书又在神学比较中，把地上城市与在上的耶路撒冷相对照，并非把后者安置于地上城中的某处。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "early-acts-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:26-28",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-community-meeting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:2-4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-acts-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:15-19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-custody",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:27-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-visits",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:18-19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-later-visit",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 2:1-10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "romans-service-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 15:25-31",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-gift-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 16:1-4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "theological-comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 4:24-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687928; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687928/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-city-settings",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "early-acts-arrival",
            "acts-community-meeting",
            "later-acts-arrival",
            "acts-custody"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告扫罗或保罗抵达耶路撒冷、与群体成员会面，后来另一事件中又在那里被拘押。",
          "limit": "这些是叙事背景，没有统计全部到访，没有独立确定年表，也没有辨认确切会面或拘押地点。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-letter-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "galatians-visits",
            "galatians-later-visit",
            "romans-service-plan",
            "corinthian-gift-plan"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书报告前往耶路撒冷的旅程，罗马书计划在那里服事，哥林多前书则讨论送去礼物及有条件地同行。",
          "limit": "所报告的访问、拟议服事及条件性旅行各不相同；各段本身不能把加拉太书访问等同于使徒行传具体事件。"
        },
        {
          "id": "earthly-city-in-comparison",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "theological-comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书以现存地上耶路撒冷作神学比较，与在上的耶路撒冷对照。",
          "limit": "天上的耶路撒冷是相对照的神学称呼，不是地上城市的第二名字，也不是城内另一地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.jerusalem",
      "aliases": [
        "Jerusalem"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:1",
        "ACT 8:14",
        "ACT 8:25",
        "ACT 8:26",
        "ACT 8:27",
        "ACT 9:2",
        "ACT 9:13",
        "ACT 9:21",
        "ACT 9:26",
        "ACT 9:28",
        "ACT 10:39",
        "ACT 11:2",
        "ACT 11:22",
        "ACT 11:27",
        "ACT 12:25",
        "ACT 13:13",
        "ACT 13:27",
        "ACT 13:31",
        "ACT 15:2",
        "ACT 15:4",
        "ACT 16:4",
        "ACT 18:21",
        "ACT 19:21",
        "ACT 20:16",
        "ACT 20:22",
        "ACT 21:4",
        "ACT 21:11",
        "ACT 21:12",
        "ACT 21:13",
        "ACT 21:15",
        "ACT 21:17",
        "ACT 21:31",
        "ACT 22:5",
        "ACT 22:17",
        "ACT 22:18",
        "ACT 23:11",
        "ACT 24:11",
        "ACT 25:1",
        "ACT 25:3",
        "ACT 25:7",
        "ACT 25:9",
        "ACT 25:15",
        "ACT 25:20",
        "ACT 25:24",
        "ACT 26:4",
        "ACT 26:10",
        "ACT 26:20",
        "ACT 28:17",
        "ROM 15:19",
        "ROM 15:25",
        "ROM 15:26",
        "ROM 15:31",
        "1CO 16:3",
        "GAL 1:17",
        "GAL 1:18",
        "GAL 2:1",
        "GAL 4:25"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:27",
        "ACT 21:18",
        "ACT 21:19",
        "ACT 21:30",
        "ACT 21:32",
        "ACT 21:33",
        "GAL 1:19",
        "GAL 2:2",
        "1CO 16:4",
        "GAL 4:24",
        "GAL 4:26"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687928",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-687928"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 31.7771895,
        "longitude": 35.234978,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-city-settings"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans",
        "1-corinthians",
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-jerusalem"
    },
    {
      "id": "joppa",
      "name": "约帕",
      "summary": "约帕是使徒行传中彼得活动的城市背景，与大比大、在制皮匠西门家住宿、异象及哥尼流派来的使者关联。彼得后来向他人重述异象及召请。这些是关于他与当地群体的事件和回忆，并非保罗旅程中的阶段，不能辨认现存房屋、确切海岸位置，也不能证明保罗居住。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "tabitha-and-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:36-43",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "vision-and-messengers",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 10:5-23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "retold-summons",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:4-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687931; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687931/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "peter-community-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "tabitha-and-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在大比大事件中把彼得置于约帕，并描述他后来住在制皮匠西门家。",
          "limit": "记述涉及彼得，并非保罗到访，也不能辨认现存建筑。"
        },
        {
          "id": "vision-and-summons",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "vision-and-messengers",
            "retold-summons"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把约帕与彼得的异象及哥尼流使者关联，后来又呈现他重述经历。",
          "limit": "使徒行传呈现彼得重述此前经历，没有报告第二次异象、召请或住宿；沿海描述也不能辨认现存房屋。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Joppa"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:36",
        "ACT 9:38",
        "ACT 9:42",
        "ACT 9:43",
        "ACT 10:5",
        "ACT 10:8",
        "ACT 10:23",
        "ACT 10:32",
        "ACT 11:5",
        "ACT 11:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:39",
        "ACT 9:40",
        "ACT 9:41",
        "ACT 10:6",
        "ACT 10:9",
        "ACT 10:17",
        "ACT 10:22",
        "ACT 11:11",
        "ACT 11:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687931",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-687931"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.053079,
        "longitude": 34.7499295,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-joppa"
    },
    {
      "id": "judea",
      "name": "犹太",
      "summary": "犹太是群体、救济、人物行踪及保罗旅行记述中的地区名称。使徒行传呈现他描述遍及该区的宣讲，哥林多后书则讨论拟议旅程。其他书信参照涉及当地信徒群体及相关困难。这些用途不能互换为抵达报告。地区有别于耶路撒冷，也有别于个人或宗教身份称呼；地名不能证明居住或单一固定行政边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "regional-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:31",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "relief",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:29-30",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:22-24",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "thessalonian-comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Thessalonians 2:13-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "speech-proclamation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 26:19-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "planned-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 1:15-17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687934; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687934/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "communities-and-relief",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "regional-communities",
            "relief",
            "galatians-communities",
            "thessalonian-comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传和书信提到与犹太有关的信徒群体，使徒行传也描述把救济送到当地。",
          "limit": "群体关联不能证明保罗在每处地方。帖撒罗尼迦前书中的敌对概括仍须归于书信，不能认可为对某个民族的普遍描述。"
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-proclamation",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "speech-proclamation"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传一篇演说呈现保罗描述自己在耶路撒冷及整个犹太宣讲。",
          "limit": "这是演说的记述，不能独立确认每件事件，也没有列出到访聚落。"
        },
        {
          "id": "intended-letter-journey",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "planned-journey"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多后书描述保罗计划访问收信人、经过马其顿、返回他们那里，再受送行前往犹太。",
          "limit": "经文讨论意图而非完成，没有给出确切路线或地区内居所。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.judea",
      "aliases": [
        "Judea"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:1",
        "ACT 9:31",
        "ACT 10:37",
        "ACT 11:1",
        "ACT 11:29",
        "ACT 12:19",
        "ACT 15:1",
        "ACT 21:10",
        "ACT 26:20",
        "ACT 28:21",
        "ROM 15:31",
        "2CO 1:16",
        "GAL 1:22",
        "1TH 2:14"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:30",
        "ACT 26:19",
        "ACT 26:21",
        "2CO 1:15",
        "2CO 1:17",
        "GAL 1:23",
        "1TH 2:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687934",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-687934"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 31.73416715,
        "longitude": 35.001720299999995,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-proclamation"
        },
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "intended-letter-journey"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans",
        "2-corinthians",
        "galatians",
        "1-thessalonians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-judea"
    },
    {
      "id": "laodicea",
      "name": "老底嘉",
      "summary": "歌罗西书通过作者的关切、以巴弗的努力、问候及读信指示，把老底嘉与收信人联系起来。此城及其群体仍有别于歌罗西和希拉波立。这些关系没有叙述保罗到访，也不能证明每位收信人都见过或都未见过他。交换书信的请求也没有把来自老底嘉的信等同于另一现存作品，不能确定其写作地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "personal-contact",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 2:1-5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "care-and-greetings",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 4:12-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-exchange",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Colossians 4:16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "638955; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/638955/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "community-connections",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "care-and-greetings"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "personal-contact"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "歌罗西书把老底嘉与以巴弗的关切，以及对人物和家中群体的问候关联。",
          "limit": "这些联系不能证明保罗到访，不能定位聚会房屋，也不能说明哪些人以前见过作者。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-exchange",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "letter-exchange"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "歌罗西书要求让老底嘉群体阅读本信，也让收信人阅读来自老底嘉的信。",
          "limit": "指示没有确定另一封信的作者、现存文本或写作地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Laodicea"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "COL 2:1",
        "COL 4:13",
        "COL 4:15",
        "COL 4:16"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "COL 2:2",
        "COL 2:5",
        "COL 4:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "638955",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-638955"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.835939323878684,
        "longitude": 29.107388778855608,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "colossians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-laodicea"
    },
    {
      "id": "lasea",
      "name": "拉西亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传称拉西亚为沿克里特岛航行时美港附近的城市。随后叙事集中于港口情况及过冬地点的决定。邻近关系给此城在该站中的地理角色，没有报告保罗或同伴进城。城市与港口须分别保留，经文也没有辨认确切聚落边界或考古遗址。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "nearby-city",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:8-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "589897; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/589897/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "proximity-to-harbour",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "nearby-city"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传称拉西亚为美港附近城市，船只已在航程中抵达该港停靠。",
          "limit": "邻近不能证明进入城中或当地服事，也不能把城市与港口认定为同一地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Lasea"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:8"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:9",
        "ACT 27:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "589897",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b03-pleiades-589897"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 34.94083,
        "longitude": 24.8182662,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-lasea"
    },
    {
      "id": "lycaonia",
      "name": "吕高尼地区",
      "summary": "使徒行传以吕高尼地区称呼与路司得、特庇及周围乡间有关的地区，描述保罗和巴拿巴逃往该处并继续活动。后来又用此名描述路司得群众所说的语言。地区移动和语言表达是不同用途，两者都不能证明旅人通晓该语言、确定单一行政边界，或到访地区内每处聚落。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "regional-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:5-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "crowd-language",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:9-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "648698; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648698/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "regional-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告保罗和巴拿巴逃往路司得、特庇及周围乡间，并把这些地点关联于吕高尼地区。",
          "limit": "地区描述没有列出每个到访地点，也没有定义行政边界。"
        },
        {
          "id": "language-designation",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "crowd-language"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述路司得群众使用的语言时，提到吕高尼地区。",
          "limit": "语言称呼不能证明保罗或巴拿巴听懂或会说，也不是另一次抵达地区。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.lycaonia",
      "aliases": [
        "Lycaonia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:6",
        "ACT 14:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:5",
        "ACT 14:7",
        "ACT 14:8",
        "ACT 14:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "648698",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-648698"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.63585798373942,
        "longitude": 33.322867550011786,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-lycaonia"
    },
    {
      "id": "lycia",
      "name": "吕家",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章航程以吕家限定每拉。旅人抵达该城，下一则记述说百夫长在那里找到另一艘船。城市与地区限定是不同地理对象。这项参照没有描述走访全区，没有列出区内所有到访地点，也没有给出地区边界；换船也不能定位确切古代港口设施。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "city-qualification",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:5-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "638965; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/638965/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "myra-region-relationship",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "city-qualification"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在抵达及换船的记述中，称每拉为与吕家有关的城市。",
          "limit": "城市限定不能使每拉与吕家互换，不能界定地区范围，也不能证明遍游全区。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.lycia",
      "aliases": [
        "Lycia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:5"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "638965",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-638965"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.6341205843183,
        "longitude": 29.57513525643812,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-lycia"
    },
    {
      "id": "lydda",
      "name": "吕大",
      "summary": "使徒行传以吕大为彼得探访信徒及以尼雅获医治的城市背景。使者请他去见大比大时，叙事又说此城靠近约帕。这些记述关乎彼得及当地群体，并非保罗的行程阶段。所报告的回应不能独立验证事件、证明保罗居住，也不能辨认现存房屋或相遇的精确位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "peter-and-aeneas",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:32-35",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "joppa-summons",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:36-38",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "687953; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/687953/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "peter-city-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "peter-and-aeneas",
            "joppa-summons"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说彼得在吕大与信徒同在，叙述以尼雅获医治，以及附近约帕的召请。",
          "limit": "这是关于彼得的叙事，不能证明保罗到访，也不是经独立辨认的会面遗址。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Lydda"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:32",
        "ACT 9:35",
        "ACT 9:38"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:33",
        "ACT 9:34",
        "ACT 9:37"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "687953",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-687953"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 31.958253499999998,
        "longitude": 34.892378,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-lydda"
    },
    {
      "id": "macedonia",
      "name": "马其顿",
      "summary": "马其顿在使徒行传及书信中，是异象、旅行及群体关系的地区背景。使徒行传区分前往该地的呼召与随后行动；书信则描述抵达、计划、援助及信徒关系。其他记述涉及同伴行踪或地理关联。这些用法不能使每次出现都成为保罗到访，也不能确定单一行程。古代地区须与现代边界及任何单一城市分别保留。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-call-and-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:9-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-later-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 2:12-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 7:4-7",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "corinthian-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Corinthians 16:5-7",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "timothy-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Timothy 1:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "contribution",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 15:26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "macedonian-generosity",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 8:1-4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "support-from-region",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Corinthians 11:9",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "philippian-support",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Philippians 4:15-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "thessalonian-relationships",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Thessalonians 4:9-10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "491656; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/491656/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-regional-movement",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-call-and-arrival",
            "acts-later-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述前往马其顿的呼召、来到当地城市腓立比，以及后来经过该地区。",
          "limit": "异象及由此产生的意图本身不等于抵达，地区记述也没有列出每座到访城镇。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-letter-movements",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "corinthian-movement",
            "corinthian-arrival",
            "corinthian-plan",
            "timothy-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "哥林多后书报告涉及马其顿的行踪及抵达；哥林多前书呈现旅行计划，提摩太前书另行回顾往该地区的移动。",
          "limit": "报告、计划及不同文献须分别保留；共同地名不能独立确立单一年表，也不能确定提摩太前书作者。"
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-community-support",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "contribution",
            "macedonian-generosity",
            "support-from-region",
            "philippian-support",
            "thessalonian-relationships"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "书信把马其顿与捐款、物资援助及信徒群体间的关系联系起来。",
          "limit": "这些群体与援助记述不能证明保罗在每个群体中，也不能证明他遍区居住。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.macedonia",
      "aliases": [
        "Macedonia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:9",
        "ACT 16:10",
        "ACT 16:12",
        "ACT 18:5",
        "ACT 19:21",
        "ACT 19:22",
        "ACT 19:29",
        "ACT 20:1",
        "ACT 20:3",
        "ROM 15:26",
        "1CO 16:5",
        "2CO 1:16",
        "2CO 2:13",
        "2CO 7:5",
        "2CO 8:1",
        "2CO 9:2",
        "2CO 9:4",
        "2CO 11:9",
        "PHI 4:15",
        "1TH 1:7",
        "1TH 1:8",
        "1TH 4:10",
        "1TI 1:3"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:11",
        "ACT 20:2",
        "ACT 27:2",
        "2CO 7:6",
        "2CO 8:3",
        "PHI 4:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "491656",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-491656"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.969115247784025,
        "longitude": 22.4920786436148,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-regional-movement"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans",
        "1-corinthians",
        "2-corinthians",
        "philippians",
        "1-thessalonians",
        "1-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-macedonia"
    },
    {
      "id": "malta",
      "name": "马尔他岛",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述海难后，幸存者才得知岛名是马尔他岛。接着的记述描述接待、涉及保罗及当地人的事件，以及后来换船离去。岛屿背景与船在哪里触礁、幸存者何处上岸，是不同精度的问题。叙事没有辨认出土沉船、某个海湾，或接待和医治场景的现代位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "wreck-and-island-name",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:39-28:2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "island-hospitality",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:3-10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-departure",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-island-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "wreck-and-island-name",
            "island-hospitality",
            "later-departure"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把幸存者所在岛屿称为马尔他岛，并叙述接待、涉及保罗的活动及换船离去。",
          "limit": "岛名不能确定海难精确坐标、登陆海滩、房屋，或经独立验证的医治地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.malta",
      "aliases": [
        "Malta"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:44",
        "ACT 28:2",
        "ACT 28:7",
        "ACT 28:8",
        "ACT 28:11"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-island-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-malta"
    },
    {
      "id": "miletus",
      "name": "米利都",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗从米利都召请以弗所长老，会面后在船旁告别再离去，并非再次访问以弗所。提摩太后书另行回顾把患病的特罗非摩留在米利都。不同文献的记述本身不能确定同一场合，也都没有定位古城内确切会面点、港口建筑或现存房屋。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "elders-meeting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:15-18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "farewell",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:36-21:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "trophimus-notice",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:20",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "599799; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599799/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-meeting-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "elders-meeting",
            "farewell"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把保罗置于米利都，说他召请以弗所长老，与他们会面，随后在船旁告别。",
          "limit": "与以弗所长老会面，不等于抵达以弗所，也不能确定城内确切遗址。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-trophimus-notice",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "trophimus-notice"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书呈现叙述者说，自己把患病的特罗非摩留在米利都。",
          "limit": "记述没有给出日期，不能独立把该场合与长老会面认定为同一次，也不能解决书信作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.miletus",
      "aliases": [
        "Miletus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:15",
        "ACT 20:17",
        "2TI 4:20"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:18",
        "ACT 20:36",
        "ACT 20:37",
        "ACT 20:38"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "599799",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-599799"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.53046444003695,
        "longitude": 27.27880848386269,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-meeting-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-miletus"
    },
    {
      "id": "mitylene",
      "name": "米推利尼",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗在亚朔会合同伴后，被接上船，随后抵达米推利尼，再继续下一段航程。城市在所报告的行踪中有明确角色，记述却没有描述当地聚会、服事或停留时长，也没有确定确切港口、古代聚落范围或周围沿岸的航迹。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:13-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550763; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550763/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-arrival"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告一行人在亚朔接保罗上船后，抵达米推利尼。",
          "limit": "抵达记述不能确立当地服事、停留时长或精确港口位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.mitylene",
      "aliases": [
        "Mitylene"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:14"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:13",
        "ACT 20:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550763",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-550763"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 39.110475,
        "longitude": 26.547048,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-mitylene"
    },
    {
      "id": "mount-sinai",
      "name": "西奈山",
      "summary": "加拉太书在涉及诸约、夏甲与耶路撒冷的寓意中提到西奈山，并把它与阿拉伯关联，但地理用于书信的神学论证。经文没有叙述保罗抵达，也没有确定山的现代精确位置。比较不能使夏甲成为通用地名别称，把各段合在一起也不能把此前阿拉伯旅程变成西奈访问。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "theological-comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 4:24-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-arabia-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "mountain-in-argument",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "theological-comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "separate-arabia-journey"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "加拉太书在涉及夏甲、诸约及耶路撒冷的寓意中，提到西奈山并把它与阿拉伯关联。",
          "limit": "论证中的关联不能辨认现代山峰，不能定位保罗的阿拉伯旅程，也不能把夏甲这个人变成通常的地名别称。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Mount Sinai",
        "Sinai"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "GAL 4:24",
        "GAL 4:25"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "GAL 4:26",
        "GAL 1:17"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-mount-sinai"
    },
    {
      "id": "myra",
      "name": "每拉",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章说，旅人经过基利家和旁非利亚沿岸水域后，来到每拉。叙事以吕家辨认此城，随后描述百夫长安排换乘驶往意大利的船。抵达与换船相关，却是不同叙事环节，不能证明长期居住、当地服事或确切古港；地区名称也不能当作城的另一名字。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-transfer",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:5-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "639005; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/639005/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival-and-transfer",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-transfer"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告抵达吕家的每拉，随后百夫长把一行人转到与亚历山太有关的船。",
          "limit": "城名见于使徒行传27:5；下一则船只记述没有增加另一次直接出现城名，也没有辨认精确港口设施。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.myra",
      "aliases": [
        "Myra"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:5"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "639005",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-639005"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.25855892173753,
        "longitude": 29.985450200905625,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival-and-transfer"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-myra"
    },
    {
      "id": "mysia",
      "name": "每西亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传16章中，每西亚是尝试进入庇推尼省附近的地区参照；随后叙事描述经过其旁前往特罗亚。措辞说明地区与路线的关系，却没有说出边境城镇或确切改道处，不能变成抵达现代地图点、走遍全区，或古代地区精确边界的证明。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "regional-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:6-9",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550759; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550759/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "regional-route-reference",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "regional-route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把旅人置于每西亚附近，尝试前往庇推尼省，随后描述经过每西亚往特罗亚。",
          "limit": "记述没有定位边境点，也没有明确证明经过该地区内陆。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.mysia",
      "aliases": [
        "Mysia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:7",
        "ACT 16:8"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:6",
        "ACT 16:9"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550759",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-550759"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 39.5996880845236,
        "longitude": 27.834001321775332,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-mysia"
    },
    {
      "id": "nazareth",
      "name": "拿撒勒",
      "summary": "这些使徒行传段落把拿撒勒用作耶稣的称呼一部分。彼得在记述中使用此称呼，保罗的演说则回顾大马士革附近遇见的声音，以及自己此前反对耶稣之名。这些是人名称呼中的地理用法，并非保罗到访的报告，不能确定出生地、镇内精确地点，或把城镇与每位发言者连接起来的行程。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "peter-designation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 10:38",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "damascus-recollection",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 22:6-9",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "earlier-opposition",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 26:9-11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "peter-speaker",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 10:34",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "paul-jerusalem-speaker",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:40-22:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "paul-agrippa-speaker",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 26:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678299; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678299/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "place-name-in-person-designation",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "peter-designation",
            "damascus-recollection",
            "earlier-opposition"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "peter-speaker",
            "paul-jerusalem-speaker",
            "paul-agrippa-speaker"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在彼得的记述和保罗的回忆中，把拿撒勒用于耶稣的称呼。",
          "limit": "这个称呼没有提供保罗抵达城镇的记录，本身也不能确定耶稣出生地或确切当地遗址。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.nazareth",
      "aliases": [
        "Nazareth"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 10:38",
        "ACT 22:8",
        "ACT 26:9"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 22:6",
        "ACT 22:7",
        "ACT 26:10"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678299",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-678299"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.701029,
        "longitude": 35.300148,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-nazareth"
    },
    {
      "id": "neapolis",
      "name": "尼亚波利",
      "summary": "使徒行传在回应前往马其顿呼召的航程中提到尼亚波利。一行人经过撒摩特拉后来到这里，再前往腓立比。这是旅行叙事报告的抵达，并非根据个人来源推断。记述没有单独描述当地传道、停留时长或聚会，也没有辨认确切港口、古海岸线或继续前进的路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-and-onward-route",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:9-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "501523; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501523/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-and-onward-route"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告一行人经过撒摩特拉后抵达尼亚波利，随后叙事继续往腓立比。",
          "limit": "具名抵达不能确立当地服事、长期停留或精确登船及登陆点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.neapolis",
      "aliases": [
        "Neapolis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:10",
        "ACT 16:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "501523",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-501523"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.934324000000004,
        "longitude": 24.414039000000002,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-neapolis"
    },
    {
      "id": "nicopolis",
      "name": "尼哥波立",
      "summary": "提多书提出以尼哥波立为会面目的地，叙述者说已决定在那里过冬。邀请与差派亚提马或推基古的记述相连，记录意图及请求，而非叙述者或提多已完成到访。单凭这则记述不能确定目前居所、城市确切地理身份、书信日期或直接历史作者。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "winter-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Titus 3:12-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-self-presentation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Titus 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "named-recipient",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Titus 1:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "intended-winter-meeting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "winter-plan"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "letter-self-presentation",
            "named-recipient"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提多书要收信人前往尼哥波立，参加计划中的过冬停留；请求以未来差派亚提马或推基古为条件。",
          "limit": "所述计划不能证明叙述者或收信人已抵达、任何一位信使已受差派，或城市的精确地理身份。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.nicopolis",
      "aliases": [
        "Nicopolis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "TIT 3:12"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "TIT 3:13"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "intended-winter-meeting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "titus"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-nicopolis"
    },
    {
      "id": "pamphylia",
      "name": "旁非利亚",
      "summary": "旁非利亚出现在使徒行传多种背景中：旅程把别加与其关联，另一则报告抵达地区，后来的争执则回顾约翰在那里退出。前往意大利的航程也提到其沿岸水域。这些用途须分别保留：回顾离去不是新抵达，沿岸航行不能证明登陆。地区名称也没有提供确切路线或固定边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "perga-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:13-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-return",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:24-25",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "john-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:37-39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "coastal-passage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "639034; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/639034/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-journeys",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "perga-arrival",
            "regional-return"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把别加与旁非利亚联系起来，后来又描述旅人来到地区后，在别加传讲。",
          "limit": "城市与地区是不同对象；这些记述没有列出每处到访地点，也没有定义地区边界。"
        },
        {
          "id": "other-reference-roles",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "john-retrospect",
            "coastal-passage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传分别回顾约翰在旁非利亚退出，后来又描述驶过当地沿岸水域。",
          "limit": "回顾记述及离岸航行，都不是另一次叙述抵达该地区。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.pamphylia",
      "aliases": [
        "Pamphylia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:13",
        "ACT 14:24",
        "ACT 15:38",
        "ACT 27:5"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:14",
        "ACT 14:25",
        "ACT 15:37"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "639034",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-639034"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.92193782704162,
        "longitude": 30.947960035544238,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-journeys"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-pamphylia"
    },
    {
      "id": "paphos",
      "name": "帕弗",
      "summary": "使徒行传说旅人横越塞浦路斯岛后，以帕弗为城市目的地。叙事把涉及巴拿巴、扫罗及省长的相遇设在那里，随后描述保罗一行乘船继续往别加。城市背景与全岛及相遇的确切地点不同，不能辨认现存官邸、特定港口设施或经独立验证的事件遗址。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "island-traverse",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:4-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "official-encounter",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:7-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "onward-departure",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-city-arrival-and-departure",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "island-traverse",
            "onward-departure"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告旅人横越塞浦路斯岛后抵达帕弗，后来从那里乘船前往别加。",
          "limit": "城名不指全岛，也不能确定精确港口位置。"
        },
        {
          "id": "narrative-encounter-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "official-encounter"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把涉及巴拿巴、扫罗、反对者及省长的相遇设在帕弗。",
          "limit": "这里报告叙事背景，不能独立确认事件，也不能辨认现存建筑。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.paphos",
      "aliases": [
        "Paphos"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:6",
        "ACT 13:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:7",
        "ACT 13:9",
        "ACT 13:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-city-arrival-and-departure"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-paphos"
    },
    {
      "id": "patara",
      "name": "帕大拉",
      "summary": "从米利都一带前往腓尼基的航程初段提到帕大拉。使徒行传把它列在哥士和罗底之后，随后描述找到船只准备渡海。这给该城在旅人行程及换船中明确角色，却没有另述当地服事、停留时长或精确港口位置；拟议渡海也不能辨认后来沿岸到达的每个地点。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-ship-change",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "miletus-departure-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:15-17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "639042; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/639042/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival-and-transfer",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-ship-change"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "miletus-departure-setting"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把帕大拉列在哥士和罗底之后，随后描述一行人登船，渡海前往腓尼基。",
          "limit": "叙事顺序没有辨认特定港口设施，也不能确立当地服事或停留时长。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.patara",
      "aliases": [
        "Patara"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "639042",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-639042"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.26179466666667,
        "longitude": 29.314500999999996,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival-and-transfer"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-patara"
    },
    {
      "id": "perga",
      "name": "别加",
      "summary": "使徒行传在两段旅程中提到别加。第一处描述从帕弗抵达、约翰离开，以及旅人继续前往彼西底的安提阿；后来一处则明确描述在别加宣讲，再离开前往亚大利。两则记述不能等同，先前抵达本身没有叙述后来的教导。城市也有别于旁非利亚这一地区限定，以及任何确切现代遗址或路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "earlier-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:13-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-proclamation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:24-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "639048; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/639048/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "distinct-journey-notices",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "earlier-arrival",
            "later-proclamation"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传先报告抵达及离开别加，后来则明确描述在那里宣讲，再往亚大利。",
          "limit": "第一处不能证明后来描述的教导发生在早先场合，两者都没有定位确切会面地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.perga",
      "aliases": [
        "Perga"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:13",
        "ACT 13:14",
        "ACT 14:25"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:24",
        "ACT 14:26"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "639048",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-639048"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.964465605287096,
        "longitude": 30.853258601264926,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "distinct-journey-notices"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-perga"
    },
    {
      "id": "philippi",
      "name": "腓立比",
      "summary": "使徒行传把腓立比设为旅人抵达、接触吕底亚、遭公开虐待及囚禁的城市背景，后来又描述离城。腓立比书向当地信徒群体致信，帖撒罗尼迦前书另行回顾在那里受苦。这些文献本身不能确立每次到访的单一公认年表，城市背景和群体关系也不能辨认确切祷告点、房屋、监狱或现存纪念物。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-lydia",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:11-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "custody",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:19-24",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "release-and-departure",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:35-40",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-sailing",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:5-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Philippians 1:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "support-recollection",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Philippians 4:15-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "thessalonian-retrospect",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Thessalonians 2:1-2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "501482; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501482/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-city-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-lydia",
            "later-sailing"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告一行人抵达腓立比，把背景与吕底亚关联，后来又描述从此城乘船离去。",
          "limit": "记述没有辨认确切祷告地点、房屋或港口，也没有确定到访总数。"
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-custody",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "custody",
            "release-and-departure"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传叙述保罗和西拉在腓立比遭公开殴打、囚禁及释放。",
          "limit": "这是叙事记述，不能独立辨认出土监狱或现存司法场所。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-community-and-retrospect",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "letter-address",
            "support-recollection",
            "thessalonian-retrospect"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "腓立比书向当地群体致信并回顾物资援助，帖撒罗尼迦前书另行回顾在腓立比受虐待。",
          "limit": "群体关系及回顾记述，不能自动把每处书信提及都等同于使徒行传某件具体事件。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.philippi",
      "aliases": [
        "Philippi"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:12",
        "ACT 20:6",
        "PHI 1:1",
        "1TH 2:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:13",
        "ACT 16:14",
        "ACT 16:19",
        "ACT 16:23",
        "ACT 16:40",
        "PHI 4:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "501482",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-501482"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 41.012651339626466,
        "longitude": 24.284637286816082,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-city-arrival"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "philippians",
        "1-thessalonians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-philippi"
    },
    {
      "id": "phoenicia",
      "name": "腓尼基",
      "summary": "使徒行传提到腓尼基，分别作为分散信徒抵达的地区、前往耶路撒冷时途经的地区，以及船只拟议渡海目的地。这些关系涉及不同人物与行动阶段。保罗和巴拿巴所报告的途经，有别于早先信徒的旅程及船只目的地。地区名称不能证明每次提及都有登陆，不能完整列出到访城镇，也不能等同现代边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "scattered-believers",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:19",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-passage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:2-4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "ship-destination",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678334; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678334/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-journey-through-region",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "reported-regional-passage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述保罗、巴拿巴及同行者经过腓尼基，前往耶路撒冷。",
          "limit": "经过地区没有列出到访城镇，没有辨认确切道路，也不能证明居住。"
        },
        {
          "id": "different-movement-roles",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "scattered-believers",
            "ship-destination"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传分别把腓尼基与分散信徒的移动，以及渡海船只的目的地关联。",
          "limit": "早先信徒的旅程不是保罗到访，船只目的地本身也不等于抵达区内每处地点。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.phoenicia",
      "aliases": [
        "Phoenicia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:19",
        "ACT 15:3",
        "ACT 21:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 15:2",
        "ACT 15:4",
        "ACT 21:3"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678334",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-678334"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 33.25,
        "longitude": 35.25,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-journey-through-region"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-phoenicia"
    },
    {
      "id": "phoenix",
      "name": "非尼基港",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章把非尼基港列为克里特岛拟议的过冬港口。众人在美港讨论后，多数赞成尝试前往；船随后离去，后来遇上风暴。经文没有叙述抵达。港口描述本身不能确立现代遗址或精确位置，群体提议也不能与保罗此前对继续航行的警告混淆。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "proposed-winter-harbour",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:8-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "proposed-winter-destination",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "proposed-winter-harbour"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传称非尼基港为克里特岛港口，多数人提议尝试前往过冬。",
          "limit": "提议不是已完成抵达，也不是保罗本人赞同。单凭描述不能接受某个现代港口、古代候选遗址或确切坐标。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.phoenix",
      "aliases": [
        "Phoenix"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:12"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:9",
        "ACT 27:10",
        "ACT 27:11",
        "ACT 27:13",
        "ACT 27:14"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-phoenix"
    },
    {
      "id": "phrygia",
      "name": "弗吕家",
      "summary": "使徒行传两则地区旅程记述把弗吕家与加拉太地区并列。第一处把旅程与不得在亚西亚省宣讲关联，后来一处则描述沿途坚固门徒。并列用语本身没有界定单一公认地区边界，也没有列出每个到访群体。这些是报告的行踪，却没有提供精确路线、某座城市坐标或公认行政范围。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "first-regional-notice",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:6-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "later-regional-notice",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:22-23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "paired-regional-journeys",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "first-regional-notice",
            "later-regional-notice"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在两处经过地区的旅行描述中，把弗吕家与加拉太地区并列。",
          "limit": "并列名称本身不能解决历史地区与行政区域的关系，也没有列出到访城镇。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.phrygia",
      "aliases": [
        "Phrygia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:6",
        "ACT 18:23"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:7",
        "ACT 18:22"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "paired-regional-journeys"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-phrygia"
    },
    {
      "id": "pisidia",
      "name": "彼西底",
      "summary": "使徒行传既以彼西底限定彼西底的安提阿，也把它作为旅人返程经过的地区。两种用法须区分：城市名称辨认某一座城，后来行踪记述则关乎地区。限定本身不能定义边界，也不能证明遍游全区。两处均没有提供确切路线、完整到访聚落名单或已接受的行政边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "antioch-qualification",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:13-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-passage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 14:23-25",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "639060; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/639060/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "city-qualifier-and-region",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "antioch-qualification",
            "regional-passage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传以彼西底限定彼西底的安提阿，后来又明确描述旅人经过彼西底，再来到旁非利亚。",
          "limit": "城市与地区是不同对象；城市限定本身不能定义地区范围，也不能证明另一次地区到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.pisidia",
      "aliases": [
        "Pisidia"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:14",
        "ACT 14:24"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 14:23",
        "ACT 14:25"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "639060",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-639060"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.470800730949286,
        "longitude": 31.014588471403783,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "city-qualifier-and-region"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-pisidia"
    },
    {
      "id": "pontus",
      "name": "本都",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述保罗在哥林多遇见亚居拉时，以本都描述其地理关联，另说他最近与百基拉从意大利来到。这些关系不能合成夫妇共同的出生地或来源，也不能证明保罗到访、亚居拉确切出生地，或古代地区的单一固定边界。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "aquila-association",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "857287; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/857287/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "aquila-regional-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "aquila-association"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在保罗于哥林多遇见亚居拉的记述中，把后者与本都关联。",
          "limit": "记述没有把这项来源归给百基拉，没有确定亚居拉的确切出生地，也没有报告保罗到访本都。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Pontus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:2"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:1",
        "ACT 18:3"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "857287",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-857287"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.221356696658404,
        "longitude": 37.92341619989857,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-pontus"
    },
    {
      "id": "ptolemais",
      "name": "多利买",
      "summary": "使徒行传21章说，旅人从推罗乘船后来到多利买，向信徒问安，并明确报告停留一天，再往该撒利亚。因此，这则记述兼有旅程阶段及群体接触，没有辨认聚会房屋、确切港口或所到城内每处位置，也不能证明长期居住或另行叙述的当地传道。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:7-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival-and-day-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告抵达多利买、向信徒问安并停留一天，随后一行人继续前往该撒利亚。",
          "limit": "所报告的一天不能辨认住宿点、精确港口，也不能证明长期居住。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.ptolemais",
      "aliases": [
        "Ptolemais"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:7"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:8"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival-and-day-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-ptolemais"
    },
    {
      "id": "puteoli",
      "name": "部丢利",
      "summary": "使徒行传28章在海程末段记述抵达部丢利，找到信徒，获邀与他们同住七天，随后叙事继续往罗马。抵达与邀请是不同种类的记述。拟议停留不能变成某处住宿、长期居住或两城之间逐站精确行程的证明。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-invitation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:12-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "432815; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/432815/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival-and-invitation",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-invitation"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船抵达部丢利，当地信徒邀请旅人停留七天。",
          "limit": "邀请所述时长不能辨认住宿地点，也不能独立确立精确旅行日程或长期居住。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.puteoli",
      "aliases": [
        "Puteoli"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:14",
        "ACT 28:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "432815",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b04-pleiades-432815"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.825838,
        "longitude": 14.121741499999999,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival-and-invitation"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-puteoli"
    },
    {
      "id": "rhegium",
      "name": "利基翁",
      "summary": "使徒行传前往罗马的航程末段提到利基翁。船在经过叙拉古后来到这里，接下来的记述把往部丢利的航行与南风联系起来。这是旅程阶段，而非当地服事或长期居住。记述没有辨认确切港口设施、保罗的住宿地点，或停靠前后沿岸的精确航迹。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-stage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:12-14",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "452416; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/452416/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-stage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船在叙拉古和部丢利之间抵达利基翁，并把后续航程与南风关联。",
          "limit": "抵达记述不能确立当地活动、住宿、精确港口或航迹。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.rhegium",
      "aliases": [
        "Rhegium"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:13"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:12",
        "ACT 28:14"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "452416",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-452416"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 38.109279,
        "longitude": 15.64393,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-arrival"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-rhegium"
    },
    {
      "id": "rhodes",
      "name": "罗底",
      "summary": "使徒行传21章航程把罗底列在哥士和帕大拉之间。简短顺序使它在旅人所报告的行踪中有明确角色，没有描述当地聚会、服事或停留时长。岛屿本身与船只究竟抵达哪座城、港口或沿岸点，是不同问题；地名不能独立辨认古代登陆设施，也不能证明横越该岛。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-sequence",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "590031; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/590031/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-voyage-stage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-sequence"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在一行人的航程中，把罗底列在哥士和帕大拉之间。",
          "limit": "具名阶段不能辨认某座城镇或港口，不能证明横越岛屿，也没有描述当地服事。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.rhodes",
      "aliases": [
        "Rhodes"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:1"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 21:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "590031",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-590031"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.179110443681076,
        "longitude": 27.97207626591052,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-voyage-stage"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-rhodes"
    },
    {
      "id": "rome",
      "name": "罗马",
      "summary": "使徒行传先把罗马列为拟议目的地，后来报告抵达，并以保罗接待访客、教导两年的停留结束。罗马书另向城中信徒致信，表达探访愿望；提摩太后书则把它与阿尼色弗寻找叙述者关联。各文献保留各自背景，本身不能确立完整年表。他人的离去，以及法律或人口方面的罗马称呼，都不是保罗额外抵达。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-goal",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 19:21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-assurance",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 23:11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-arrival",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:14-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-final-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:30-31",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "romans-audience-and-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 1:7-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "onesiphorus-search",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 1:16-18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "acts-goal-and-arrival",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-goal",
            "acts-assurance",
            "acts-arrival",
            "acts-final-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传先把罗马列为目的地，后来报告保罗抵达、在看守下住宿，以及接待访客和教导两年的时期。",
          "limit": "叙事没有辨认现存租住房屋，也没有确立结尾以后的事件；早先意图不是额外完成的抵达。"
        },
        {
          "id": "romans-audience-and-intention",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "romans-audience-and-plan"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书向罗马信徒致信，表达保罗希望访问并在他们中宣讲。",
          "limit": "致信及意图不能证明更早的抵达，也不能确定写信地点。"
        },
        {
          "id": "separate-letter-search",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "onesiphorus-search"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "提摩太后书把阿尼色弗寻找并找到作者与罗马联系起来。",
          "limit": "独立的书信记述本身不能把这次场合与使徒行传的停留认定为同一次，也不能独立确定书信日期和作者。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.rome",
      "aliases": [
        "Rome"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 18:2",
        "ACT 19:21",
        "ACT 23:11",
        "ACT 28:14",
        "ACT 28:16",
        "ROM 1:7",
        "ROM 1:15",
        "2TI 1:17"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:30",
        "ACT 28:31",
        "ROM 1:10",
        "ROM 1:13",
        "2TI 1:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "acts-goal-and-arrival"
        },
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "romans-audience-and-intention"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans",
        "2-timothy"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-rome"
    },
    {
      "id": "salamis",
      "name": "撒拉米",
      "summary": "使徒行传13章记述一行人抵达塞浦路斯岛后，以撒拉米为宣讲的城市背景。他们在犹太会堂讲话，约翰担任助手，随后横越岛屿前往帕弗。城市与全岛是不同地理对象，记述没有辨认精确港口、会堂建筑或城内完整路线，也没有给出经独立确定的访问时长。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "city-activity",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:4-6",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "707617; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/707617/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-city-setting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "city-activity"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把一行人置于撒拉米，在会堂宣讲，由约翰服事，随后继续岛上旅程。",
          "limit": "城市背景不能辨认某座现存会堂、确切登陆点或经独立确定日期的访问。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.salamis",
      "aliases": [
        "Salamis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:5"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:4",
        "ACT 13:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "707617",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-707617"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 35.17958130195956,
        "longitude": 33.902856966815534,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-city-setting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-salamis"
    },
    {
      "id": "salmone",
      "name": "撒摩尼",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章记述沿克里特岛航行时，以撒摩尼为船只对面的沿岸参照。在抵达美港之前，它说明逆风中的船只位置，没有报告上岸或访问当地聚落，也没有提供精确离岸航迹、经测量的岬角点，或经独立核查的现代海岸对应。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "coastal-position",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:7-8",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "offshore-landmark",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "coastal-position"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把船置于撒摩尼对面，正沿克里特岛艰难航行。",
          "limit": "沿岸参照不能证明登陆或精确船位；这里没有接受与现代岬角的匹配。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.salmone",
      "aliases": [
        "Salmone"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:7"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:8"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-salmone"
    },
    {
      "id": "samaria",
      "name": "撒玛利亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传用撒玛利亚描述地区及群体背景，包括腓利的活动，以及后来保罗和巴拿巴的旅行。有些段落可能涉及城市、地区或其居民，因此没有把所有形式都归入同一实体城市。地区记述和人口称呼有别于这些尚未解决的形式。名称不能提供单一城市坐标、完整地区边界，也不能证明每次出现都有到访。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "scattered-community",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "philip-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:5-9",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "reception-and-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 8:14-25",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-communities",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:31",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-passage",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:2-4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "regional-community-settings",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "scattered-community",
            "reception-and-communities",
            "regional-communities"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在分散群体、领受信息及信徒群体状况的记述中提到撒玛利亚。",
          "limit": "集体及地区描述不能辨认单一城市，也不能证明保罗在每个群体中。"
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-passage",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "reported-passage"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述保罗、巴拿巴及同行者经过撒玛利亚，前往耶路撒冷。",
          "limit": "经过地区没有定位精确道路，没有列出每座到访城镇，也不能证明居住。"
        },
        {
          "id": "unresolved-local-referent",
          "claimType": "interpretive",
          "epistemicStatus": "debated",
          "confidence": "debated",
          "supports": [
            "philip-setting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "reception-and-communities"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [
            "city-reading",
            "regional-or-population-reading"
          ],
          "statement": "腓利当地背景中的撒玛利亚形式，仍须分别考虑城市、地区及居民的解读。",
          "limit": "这些形式不能明确辨认单一实体城市，也没有提供精确位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "id": "city-reading",
          "supports": [
            "philip-setting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "label": "城市的解读",
          "statement": "当地称呼可能指某座城市，其历史身份和位置仍须审查。"
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-or-population-reading",
          "supports": [
            "philip-setting",
            "reception-and-communities"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "label": "地区或居民的解读",
          "statement": "名称可能指地区或其居民，并非明确辨认某座城市。"
        }
      ],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.samaria",
      "aliases": [
        "Samaria"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:1",
        "ACT 8:14",
        "ACT 9:31",
        "ACT 15:3"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 8:5",
        "ACT 8:6",
        "ACT 8:9",
        "ACT 8:25",
        "ACT 15:2",
        "ACT 15:4"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-passage"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-samaria"
    },
    {
      "id": "samos",
      "name": "撒摩",
      "summary": "使徒行传20章沿岸航程中，撒摩位于基阿对面的船位之后、后来抵达米利都之前。记述区分在该岛停靠与在特罗基利翁停留。岛名本身也不能确定具体城镇、港口、停留时长或横越岛屿的路线，记述没有描述当地服事。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "voyage-distinction",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:14-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "599926; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599926/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-voyage-call",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-distinction"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船在撒摩停靠，另述抵达米利都之前在特罗基利翁停留。",
          "limit": "另一处停留不能转用于撒摩；岛名不能辨认精确港口，也不能证明横越岛屿。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.samos",
      "aliases": [
        "Samos"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:14",
        "ACT 20:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "599926",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-599926"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 37.73246007056743,
        "longitude": 26.839125346712173,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-voyage-call"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-samos"
    },
    {
      "id": "samothrace",
      "name": "撒摩特拉",
      "summary": "使徒行传16章从特罗亚往马其顿的第一段航程，以撒摩特拉为具名岛屿目标，描述径直驶向该岛，下一阶段再往尼亚波利。它在航行顺序中有明确角色，却没有当地聚会、岸上活动或停留时长的描述。航向参照不能辨认港口、精确离岸位置，也不能证明横越岛屿。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "sailing-course",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:9-12",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "501597; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501597/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "island-in-sailing-course",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "sailing-course"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述船径直驶向撒摩特拉，下一阶段再往尼亚波利。",
          "limit": "航向参照本身没有描述岸上活动、精确港口或横越岛屿。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.samothrace",
      "aliases": [
        "Samothrace"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:10",
        "ACT 16:12"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "501597",
          "targetKind": "island",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-501597"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "island",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.45231423322517,
        "longitude": 25.57623818601237,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-samothrace"
    },
    {
      "id": "seleucia",
      "name": "西流基",
      "summary": "使徒行传13章说巴拿巴和扫罗先前往西流基，再乘船往塞浦路斯岛。此地有别于差派他们的安提阿群体，也有别于目的地岛屿。简短记述给予出发地点的角色，没有描述当地宣讲、停留或特定港口设施。地理身份及与其他同名城市的区别，仍须名字以外的证据。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "departure-setting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 13:1-5",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "658483; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/658483/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-departure-place",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "departure-setting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告巴拿巴和扫罗前往西流基，再从那里乘船往塞浦路斯岛。",
          "limit": "出发不能证明当地服事或停留时长；同名本身不能解决每个同名城市的区别。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.seleucia",
      "aliases": [
        "Seleucia",
        "Seleucia Pieria"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:4"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 13:3",
        "ACT 13:5"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "658483",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-658483"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.121264499999995,
        "longitude": 35.9285965,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-departure-place"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-seleucia"
    },
    {
      "id": "sharon",
      "name": "沙仑",
      "summary": "使徒行传叙述以尼雅获医治后的回应时，把沙仑与吕大并列。经文涉及与两地有关的人，并把回应归因于他们所见，没有叙述保罗旅行，也不能证明他在地区内居住。集体描述不是独立人口调查，也没有提供完整地区边界或相遇的精确遗址。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "reported-population-response",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:32-35",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "465843763; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/465843763/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "regional-response-notice",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "reported-population-response"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把沙仑与吕大的人一同关联于以尼雅事件后的回应。",
          "limit": "集体报告不能独立调查每位居民，不能证明保罗到访，也不能定位精确事件遗址。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Sharon"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:35"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:32",
        "ACT 9:34"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "465843763",
          "targetKind": "region",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-465843763"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 32.28333,
        "longitude": 34.91667,
        "precision": "regional-representative",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-sharon"
    },
    {
      "id": "sidon",
      "name": "西顿",
      "summary": "使徒行传在涉及希律的政治事件，以及后来涉及保罗的航程中提到西顿。前者关乎与推罗和西顿有关的人求和；后者报告船抵达，保罗获准向朋友求得照顾。两者背景和人物不同。许可没有描述某栋房屋，也不能证明居住；城名不能辨认确切古港或路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "political-episode",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 12:20-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "voyage-call",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678393; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678393/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "other-actors-context",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "political-episode"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把西顿与推罗的人并列，记述他们向希律求和。",
          "limit": "这件事关乎当地人及统治者，并非保罗到访。"
        },
        {
          "id": "reported-voyage-call",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "voyage-call"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告船抵达西顿，百夫长准许保罗向朋友求得照顾。",
          "limit": "许可本身没有辨认房屋，也没有叙述保罗所做的每项行动；城市背景不能证明长期居住。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.sidon",
      "aliases": [
        "Sidon"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 12:20",
        "ACT 27:3"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 12:21",
        "ACT 27:1"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678393",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-678393"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 33.561947249999996,
        "longitude": 35.3727895,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-voyage-call"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-sidon"
    },
    {
      "id": "sodom",
      "name": "所多玛",
      "summary": "罗马书在归于以赛亚的经书比较中提到所多玛，与蛾摩拉并列，讨论以色列及余民。这座被回顾的城市服务于论证，并非保罗旅行的目的地。这种用法不能独立确定位置、证实毁城记述或指认现代考古遗址，须与辨认古代聚落所需的地理陈述区分。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "scriptural-comparison",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 9:27-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "city-in-scriptural-comparison",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "scriptural-comparison"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书论述以色列时，在归于经书的比较中把所多玛与蛾摩拉并列。",
          "limit": "比较不是保罗行程，也不能独立定位城市或验证其毁城传统。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Sodom"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:29"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:27",
        "ROM 9:28",
        "ROM 9:30"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-sodom"
    },
    {
      "id": "spain",
      "name": "西班牙",
      "summary": "罗马书描述未来旅程时，以西班牙为拟往目的地。保罗希望途中看望罗马收信人、获得协助，后来又把旅程放在完成耶路撒冷相关服事之后。这些是信中意图，并非已经抵达的报告，没有指明当地城市、路线或时长，也不能证明后来旅程完成，或以现代国界定义地区。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "travel-project",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 15:22-29",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "projected-westward-journey",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "travel-project"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书把西班牙列为拟往目的地，希望途中访问收信人并获得帮助，时间在计划中的耶路撒冷服事之后。",
          "limit": "计划和盼望不能证明抵达西班牙，不能辨认某座城，也不能证明后来旅程是否完成。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.spain",
      "aliases": [
        "Spain"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 15:24",
        "ROM 15:28"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 15:22",
        "ROM 15:23",
        "ROM 15:25"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "projected-westward-journey"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-spain"
    },
    {
      "id": "straight-street-damascus",
      "name": "名叫直街的街道",
      "summary": "街道所给的名字是直街，使徒行传周围记述把它置于大马士革。指示亚拿尼亚在一栋房屋寻找扫罗时提到它，随后是亚拿尼亚探访。具名街道与所在城市是不同对象；这里不是辨认每条笔直道路，也不能证明现代街道沿用相同走向、建筑边界或叙事中的房屋位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "street-instruction-and-visit",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:8-17",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "named-street-instruction",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "street-instruction-and-visit"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传记述给亚拿尼亚的指示，把扫罗定位在大马士革直街上的一栋房屋。",
          "limit": "指示及随后的家中探访，不能确定现代道路走向，也不能辨认出土房屋。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Straight"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:11"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:10",
        "ACT 9:12",
        "ACT 9:17"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "mentioned",
          "claimId": "named-street-instruction"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-straight-street-damascus"
    },
    {
      "id": "syracuse",
      "name": "叙拉古",
      "summary": "使徒行传28章从岛屿出发的航程之后提到叙拉古，报告抵达及停留三天，随后继续往利基翁。这是明确的旅行和时长记述，并非根据人物来源推断。经文没有描述当地传道、辨认住宿，也没有确定精确港口、古海岸线或停留期间城内的完整路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "arrival-and-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:11-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-three-day-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-and-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告抵达叙拉古，停留三天后继续航行。",
          "limit": "所报告的时长不能辨认住宿、当地服事或精确港口及城内路线。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.syracuse",
      "aliases": [
        "Syracuse"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:12"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:11",
        "ACT 28:13"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-three-day-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-syracuse"
    },
    {
      "id": "syria",
      "name": "叙利亚",
      "summary": "使徒行传和加拉太书把叙利亚用于群体、所报告行踪及海程的地区名称。有些记述描述经过地区，其他则关乎船的目的地或改变的计划，不能把每次出现都当作已完成抵达。古代地区有别于单一城市、亚述和现代国界；各段没有提供单一固定行政范围或完整行程。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "community-address",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:23",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "acts-regional-journey",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 15:40-41",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "galatians-movement",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Galatians 1:21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "departure-towards-syria",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 18:18-22",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "changed-voyage-plan",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "voyage-and-landing",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:1-3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-regional-movement",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-regional-journey",
            "galatians-movement"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述与西拉经过叙利亚，加拉太书另行报告前往叙利亚和基利家一带。",
          "limit": "这些文献记述不能自动同步旅程，也不能确定精确路线或居所。"
        },
        {
          "id": "distinct-sea-journey-roles",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "departure-towards-syria",
            "changed-voyage-plan",
            "voyage-and-landing"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在一次离去、改变航向的拟议航程，以及后来登陆推罗的海程中提到叙利亚。",
          "limit": "目的地、改变的计划及报告登陆是不同证据，不能全部变成额外的地区抵达。"
        },
        {
          "id": "regional-community-address",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "community-address"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传随代表团送出的群体书信，在地区收信称呼中包括叙利亚。",
          "limit": "致信说明收信人的地区关联，并非保罗在每个群体中。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.syria",
      "aliases": [
        "Syria"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 15:23",
        "ACT 15:41",
        "ACT 18:18",
        "ACT 20:3",
        "ACT 21:3",
        "GAL 1:21"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 15:40",
        "ACT 18:19",
        "ACT 21:2"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "region",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-regional-movement"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "galatians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-syria"
    },
    {
      "id": "syrtis",
      "name": "赛耳底",
      "summary": "使徒行传27章风暴航程把赛耳底称为众人害怕遇上的海域危险。在借岛避风之后，记述描述船上人因害怕冲上沙洲而采取护船措施。因此，这个名称属于预期危险，并非报告抵达，不能确定精确船位、经测量的浅滩、登陆或仅凭此参照重建的路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "feared-maritime-danger",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:16-18",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "anticipated-maritime-hazard",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "feared-maritime-danger"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传提到赛耳底沙洲为众人所惧怕的危险，他们因而采取措施保护受风暴吹赶的船。",
          "limit": "害怕搁浅并非报告已抵达危险地点，也不能独立确定船只位置。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Syrtis"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:17"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 27:16",
        "ACT 27:18"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "water",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-syrtis"
    },
    {
      "id": "tarsus",
      "name": "大数",
      "summary": "使徒行传通过称呼、移送目的地、巴拿巴的寻找，以及保罗自述的来源和出生，把大数与扫罗或保罗联系起来。这些是不同种类的记述，不能变成连续居住经历。城市有别于基利家的地区限定；所报告自述也不能独立验证公民身份、提供停留时长或辨认古城房屋。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "saul-designation",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:11",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "transfer-destination",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 9:30",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "barnabas-search",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 11:25-26",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "civic-self-description",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:39",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "birth-self-description",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 22:3",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "648789; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648789/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "origin-and-birth-descriptions",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "saul-designation",
            "civic-self-description",
            "birth-self-description"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把扫罗与大数关联，后来又呈现保罗自称来自此城、出生于此。",
          "limit": "这些是文本描述及所报告自述，不是出生或公民身份的独立验证；城市也不是基利家这个地区。"
        },
        {
          "id": "transfer-destination",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "transfer-destination"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述弟兄们把扫罗带到该撒利亚，再送往大数。",
          "limit": "送往目的地本身没有叙述抵达，没有确定路线，也不能证明后来居住时长。"
        },
        {
          "id": "barnabas-search-and-return",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "barnabas-search"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传描述巴拿巴到大数寻找扫罗，找到后带他往安提阿。",
          "limit": "顺序没有提供扫罗停留的时长或精确地点，也不能把后来每次城名出现当作再度到访。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.tarsus",
      "aliases": [
        "Tarsus"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 9:11",
        "ACT 9:30",
        "ACT 11:25",
        "ACT 21:39",
        "ACT 22:3"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 11:26"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "648789",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-648789"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 36.914043134149175,
        "longitude": 34.89646665894072,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "intended",
          "claimId": "transfer-destination"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-tarsus"
    },
    {
      "id": "thessalonica",
      "name": "帖撒罗尼迦",
      "summary": "使徒行传把帖撒罗尼迦设为保罗活动及遭反对的城市背景。书信也通过通信和物资援助联系当地群体，其他参照则关乎同伴地理关联或行踪。各记述保留各自人物及文献背景，来源关联或底马的旅程不是保罗再度到访。城名不能裁定书信作者、完整到访顺序或现存聚会房屋的位置。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "acts-visit",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:1-10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "berea-context",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 17:11-13",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "companions-origin",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:4",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "aristarchus-association",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 27:2",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "first-audience",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "1 Thessalonians 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "second-audience",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Thessalonians 1:1",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "philippian-assistance",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Philippians 4:15-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "demas-destination",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "2 Timothy 4:10",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "491741; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/491741/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-city-activity",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "acts-visit"
          ],
          "qualifies": [
            "berea-context"
          ],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传说保罗和西拉在帖撒罗尼迦宣讲，描述反对，随后两人离开前往比里亚。",
          "limit": "后来与比里亚的比较仍是叙述者的描绘，不是对每位居民的独立判断，也不是保罗另一次抵达。"
        },
        {
          "id": "letter-community-connections",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "first-audience",
            "second-audience",
            "philippian-assistance"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "帖撒罗尼迦前书及帖撒罗尼迦后书向具名群体致信，腓立比书则回顾在帖撒罗尼迦获得援助。",
          "limit": "群体称呼不是额外直接出现城名；这些记述也不能独立确定作者、写作地点或完整年表。"
        },
        {
          "id": "other-people-reference-roles",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "companions-origin",
            "aristarchus-association",
            "demas-destination"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传给同伴帖撒罗尼迦的地理关联，提摩太后书另把此城列为底马的目的地。",
          "limit": "这些记述关乎他人，不能证明保罗再次到访，也不能确定同伴的精确出生地。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.thessalonica",
      "aliases": [
        "Thessalonica"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:1",
        "ACT 17:11",
        "ACT 17:13",
        "ACT 27:2",
        "PHI 4:16",
        "2TI 4:10"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 17:2",
        "ACT 17:4",
        "ACT 17:5",
        "ACT 17:10",
        "ACT 20:4",
        "1TH 1:1",
        "2TH 1:1"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "491741",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-491741"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 40.628342,
        "longitude": 22.952885000000002,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-city-activity"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "philippians",
        "2-timothy",
        "1-thessalonians",
        "2-thessalonians"
      ],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-thessalonica"
    },
    {
      "id": "three-taverns",
      "name": "三馆",
      "summary": "使徒行传记述信徒来迎接前往罗马的一行人时，把三馆与亚比乌并列，并描述保罗见到他们得到鼓励。这是途中会面，不是当地教会或住客栈的记述。地名不能辨认确切路边建筑、住宿时长或站点之间的完整路线。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "approach-meeting",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 28:14-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "423106; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423106/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-roadside-meeting",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "approach-meeting"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传把三馆列为信徒前来迎接一行人时抵达的地点，并描述保罗得到鼓励。",
          "limit": "会面记述不能证明住宿、当地教会或确切路边建筑。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.three-taverns",
      "aliases": [
        "The Three Taverns",
        "Three Taverns"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 28:14",
        "ACT 28:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "423106",
          "targetKind": "site",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-423106"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 41.56167513388507,
        "longitude": 12.874282278683129,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-roadside-meeting"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-three-taverns"
    },
    {
      "id": "thyatira",
      "name": "推雅推拉",
      "summary": "使徒行传借吕底亚的描述提到推雅推拉，旅人在腓立比背景中遇见她。叙事把她与此城关联，并描述她的生意、回应和接待。这不是保罗前往此城的报告，也不能确定她的精确出生地，不能证明某个作坊、全城产业，或相遇中每个人共同的居所。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "lydia-association",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 16:12-15",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "550924; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550924/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "lydia-city-association",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "lydia-association"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在腓立比附近相遇的记述中，把吕底亚与推雅推拉联系起来。",
          "limit": "她的地理关联不能证明保罗到访、精确出生地或城内某个具体作坊。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Thyatira"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:14"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 16:12",
        "ACT 16:13",
        "ACT 16:15"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "550924",
          "targetKind": "city",
          "receiptId": "r2-b05-pleiades-550924"
        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": {
        "latitude": 38.919999064160905,
        "longitude": 27.836209064855836,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
          "gazetteer-point"
        ]
      },
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-thyatira"
    },
    {
      "id": "trogyllium",
      "name": "特罗基利翁",
      "summary": "使徒行传20章把特罗基利翁列为撒摩之后、米利都之前的停留地点，并区分在撒摩停靠与这次停留。记述没有描述当地服事、房屋、确切锚地或停靠的精确时长。它在地理叙事中的角色，仍有别于辨认现代沿岸遗址或给船只指定测量坐标。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "reported-coastal-stay",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 20:14-16",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "reported-coastal-stay"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传在撒摩停靠与抵达米利都之间，提到在特罗基利翁停留。",
          "limit": "这次独立停留没有辨认房屋、精确锚地或时长；单凭名称没有接受某处现代沿岸遗址。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": null,
      "aliases": [
        "Trogyllium"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:15"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 20:14",
        "ACT 20:16"
      ],
      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [
        {
          "personId": "paul",
          "relation": "visited-as-reported",
          "claimId": "reported-stay"
        }
      ],
      "linkedLetterIds": [],
      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-trogyllium"
    },
    {
      "id": "tyre",
      "name": "推罗",
      "summary": "使徒行传在涉及希律的政治事件中提到推罗，后来又把它设为保罗旅途中的登陆及群体背景。海程把停靠与卸货、寻找门徒、停留七天，以及继续航行前的告别联系起来。早先政治参照涉及其他人物。这些记述没有辨认确切港口、聚会房屋或岸边祷告处，也不能证明超出所报告访问的居住。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "political-episode",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 12:20-21",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "arrival-stay-and-farewell",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Acts 21:3-7",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
        {
          "id": "gazetteer-point",
          "kind": "source-locator",
          "source": {
            "sourceKey": "pleiades",
            "work": "Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places",
            "locator": "678437; reprPoint (longitude, latitude)",
            "url": "https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678437/json",
            "publicDomain": false,
            "role": "catalogue-record"
          }
        }
      ],
      "claims": [
        {
          "id": "reported-city-stay",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "arrival-stay-and-farewell"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传报告在推罗登陆、找到门徒、停留七天，并在告别后离去。",
          "limit": "所报告访问及时长，不能辨认精确港口、房屋或海滩位置。"
        },
        {
          "id": "other-actors-political-context",
          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "political-episode"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "使徒行传另把推罗与西顿的人关联于向希律求和。",
          "limit": "早先政治记述没有提供保罗抵达或居住的依据。"
        }
      ],
      "alternatives": [],
      "protectedEntityId": "place.tyre",
      "aliases": [
        "Tyre"
      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 12:20",
        "ACT 21:3",
        "ACT 21:7"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ACT 12:21",
        "ACT 21:4",
        "ACT 21:5",
        "ACT 21:6"
      ],
      "authorities": [
        {
          "scheme": "pleiades",
          "id": "678437",
          "targetKind": "city",
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        }
      ],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
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      "placeKind": "city",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
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        "latitude": 33.2693355,
        "longitude": 35.201829000000004,
        "precision": "settlement",
        "basisAnchorIds": [
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      },
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    {
      "id": "zion",
      "name": "锡安",
      "summary": "罗马书在关于石头的经书意象及涉及拯救者的应许中提到锡安。名称属于书信论证，而非保罗的旅程。这些用法本身不能确定单一实体所指，不能辨认现代山丘，也不能解决关于以色列之应许的解读；同样不能确定锡安与耶路撒冷的地理关系。",
      "anchors": [
        {
          "id": "stone-imagery",
          "kind": "scripture-reference",
          "reference": "Romans 9:30-33",
          "bodyIncluded": false
        },
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          "reference": "Romans 11:25-27",
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        }
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          "claimType": "textual-observation",
          "epistemicStatus": "attested",
          "confidence": "high",
          "supports": [
            "stone-imagery",
            "deliverer-promise"
          ],
          "qualifies": [],
          "challenges": [],
          "alternativeIds": [],
          "statement": "罗马书论述以色列时，在关于石头的经书意象及涉及拯救者的应许中使用锡安。",
          "limit": "意象没有叙述保罗到访，没有确定实体地点，也不能独立解决应许的神学解释。"
        }
      ],
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      "aliases": [
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      ],
      "namedVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:33",
        "ROM 11:26"
      ],
      "contextualVerseKeys": [
        "ROM 9:30",
        "ROM 9:32",
        "ROM 11:25",
        "ROM 11:27"
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      "authorities": [],
      "relatedCommonsIds": [],
      "kind": "place",
      "placeKind": "site",
      "chronologyPlaceId": null,
      "geometry": null,
      "presenceClaims": [],
      "linkedLetterIds": [
        "romans"
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      "canonicalUrl": "https://paulineletters.com/zh-hans/explore/places#place-zion"
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}